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Massachusetts Institute Of Technology patents (2017 archive)
Recent patent applications related to Massachusetts Institute Of Technology. Massachusetts Institute Of Technology is listed as an Agent/Assignee. Note: Massachusetts Institute Of Technology may have other listings under different names/spellings. We're not affiliated with Massachusetts Institute Of Technology, we're just tracking patents.
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Analog to digital computations in biological systems
Aspects of the present disclosure relate to analog signal processing circuits and methods for cellular computation.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
High-frequency variable load inverter and related techniques
Inverter systems, circuits and associated control techniques for providing efficient delivery of high-frequency (hf) power and radio-frequency (rf) power into variable load impedances while maintaining resistive/inductive loading of the constituent inverters for zero voltage switching (zvs) are described. The inverter architecture and associated control techniques for providing efficient delivery of hf into variable load impedances includes a first inverter having an output coupled to an input of an immittance converter. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Interconnect structures and semiconductor structures for assembly of cryogenic electronic packages
A cryogenic electronic package includes at least two superconducting and/or conventional metal semiconductor structures. Each of the semiconductor structures includes a substrate and a superconducting trace. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Secure training of multi-party deep neural network
A deep neural network may be trained on the data of one or more entities, also know as alices. An outside computing entity, also known as a bob, may assist in these computations, without receiving access to alices' data. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Circular scanning technique for large area inspection
Described embodiments provide a method of generating an image of a region of interest of a target object. A plurality of concentric circular scan trajectories are determined to sample the region of interest. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Microrna combinations for anti-cancer therapeutics
Described herein are methods and compositions of combinations of micrornas that enhance the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents or reduce proliferation of cancer cells. Also described herein are methods for the identification of combinations of micrornas that result in desired effects.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods, systems, and devices for precision locating additively manufactured components for assembly and/or post processing manufacturing are provided for herein. In some embodiments, at least one component can be additively manufactured to include one or more kinematic features on one or more surfaces of the component. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Porous materials and methods including nanoporous materials for water filtration
Embodiments described herein relate to porous materials that may be employed in various filtration, purification, and/or separation applications. In some cases, the porous materials may be thin, flexible, and fabricated with control over average pore size and/or the spatial distribution of pores. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Lithium ion conducting protective film and method of use
A lithium ion conducting protective film produced using a layer-by-layer assembly process. The lithium ion conducting protective film is assembled on a substrate by a sequential exposure of the substrate to a first poly(ethylene oxide) (peo) layer including a cross-linking silane component on the first side of the substrate, a graphene oxide (go) layer on the first peo layer, a second poly(ethylene oxide) (peo) layer including a cross-linking silane component on the go layer and a poly(acrylic acid) (paa) layer on the second peo layer. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Virus scaffold for self-assembled, flexible and light lithium battery
A variety of compositions that include a metal oxide, films and batteries comprising one or more of the compositions, and methods of making the same.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Method and structural embodiments are described which provide an integrated structure using polysilicon material having different optical properties in different regions of the structure.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Example compact modular electron beam units are provided that can be used to generate electron beams using field emitter elements. A modular electron beam unit may comprise an electron beam source including a base portion, at least one field emitter element coupled to the base portion, the field emitter element including a field emitter tip, at least one gate electrode and a membrane window disposed over the at least one gate electrode.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Ionic liquid carbon nanotube composites for wireless chemical sensing
A wireless sensor platform design and a single walled carbon nanotube/ionic liquid-based chemidosimeter system can incorporated into a highly sensitive and selective chemical hazard badge that can dosimetrically detect an analyte down to a sub parts-per-million concentration.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Timely randomized memory protection
In a system executing a program, a method comprises detecting one or more input/output calls associated with the program and re-randomizing memory associated with the program in response to the one or more input/output calls. A related system is also described.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Amphiphilic nanoparticles for codelivery of water-insoluble small molecules and rnai
Disclosed are copolymer micelles for simultaneous delivery of cas9 mrna and guide rna for cas9 crispr gene editing. Also disclosed are copolymer micelles for simultaneous delivery of a therapeutic or diagnostic nucleic acid and a cross-linking or alkylating anticancer agent.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Front-end analog signal processing for cellular computation
Aspects of the present disclosure relate to analog signal processing circuits and methods for cellular computation.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Articles and methods for levitating liquids on surfaces, and devices incorporating the same
Methods described herein provide a way to reduce or eliminate drag and adhesion of a substance flowing over a surface by creating a vapor cushion via evaporation of a phase-changing material of or on the surface or encapsulated within textures of the surface. The vapor cushion causes the flowing substance to be suspended over the surface, greatly reducing friction, drag, and adhesion between the flowing substance and the surface. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Microfluidic device for three dimensional and compartmentalized coculture of neuronal and muscle cells, with functional force readout
The present subject matter provides a microfluidic device that enables the precise and repeatable three dimensional and compartmentalized coculture of muscle cells and neuronal cells. Related apparatus, systems, techniques, and articles are also described.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Pharmaceutical tablet coating process by injection molding process technology
The disclosure describes an injection molding process for coating a tablet core to produce a coated pharmaceutical tablet, wherein the injection-molded coating is substantially continuous (e.g., completely covers the tablet core with no openings), and describes the resulting coated pharmaceutical tablet. The disclosure describes compositions for coatings and tablet cores and equipment suitable for performing the process.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Phonologically-based biomarkers for major depressive disorder
A system and a method for assessing a condition in a subject. Phones from speech of the subject are recognized, one or more prosodic or speech-excitation-source features of the phones are extracted, and an assessment of a condition of the subject, is generated based on a correlation between the features of the phones and the condition.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Method for transient change detection with adaptive sampling, and detector implementing the method
A method of detecting transient changes in the distribution of a discrete time series includes: operating in a sparse mode wherein, at sniff periods successively repeated at a first rate, at most k test phases are performed, k being an integer superior or equal to two, each test phase consisting of analyzing, by a sampling stopping time determination unit, samples of the time series captured by a sampler at sampling times according to a second rate which is higher than the first rate to provide a positive or negative result of the test phase. If the results of k successive test phases of a sniff period are each positive, the method switches to operate in a dense mode wherein the sampler is operated to continuously capture samples of the time series at sampling times according to the second sampling rate.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Delivery, use and therapeutic applications of crispr systems and compositions for genome editing as to hematopoietic stem cells (hscs)
The invention provides for delivery, engineering and optimization of systems, methods, and compositions for manipulation of sequences and/or activities of target sequences. Provided are delivery systems and tissues or organ which are targeted as sites for delivery. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Escorted and functionalized guides for crispr-cas systems
The present invention generally relates to crispr systems or complexes, such as those with an escorted guide rna.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Immunoglobulins with reduced aggregation
The present disclosure relates to immunoglobulins with reduced aggregation and compositions, methods of generating such immunoglobulins with computational tools and methods of using such immunoglobulins particularly in the treatment and prevention of disease.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Drug delivery polymers and uses thereof
Described herein are platinum-based brush-arm star polymers (pt-basps), or a pharmaceutical composition thereof, for delivery of platinum-based agents, such as oxaliplatin. Also provided are methods and kits involving the pt-basps, or a pharmaceutical composition thereof, for treating proliferative diseases such as cancers (e.g., lung cancer, head-and-neck cancer, esophagus cancer, stomach cancer, breast cancer, pancreas cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer, kidney cancer, or prostate cancer) in a subject.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
High performance free rolling cable transmission
A mechanical transmission, tethered actuation system, an autonomous ankle exoskeleton design and method of their use employing a cable, pulleys and associated pulley housings to change angular transmission of linear force on the cable. The pulleys are linked by a ground link and the cable is threaded across and between the pulleys, whereby rotation of either of the pulleys in one direction causes rotation of the other pulley in the opposite direction. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Systems and methods for modular dc microgrids with control of loads
The systems and methods described herein are directed towards a microgrid having modular power management units to control and regulate power to maintain a stable energy environment and provide peer-to-peer electricity sharing within the microgrid. The microgrid includes a power source to generate power for the microgrid, a source power management unit coupled to the power source to receive the power, one or more load power management units coupled to the source power management unit to receive a portion of the power and a bi-directional communication system to couple the source power management unit to the one or more load power management units to control and allocate the power from the source power management unit to the one or more load power management units.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Water-soluble membrane proteins and methods for the preparation and use thereof
The present invention is directed to water-soluble membrane proteins, methods for the preparation thereof and methods of use thereof.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Graphene oxide membranes and related methods
Membranes comprising graphene oxide sheets and associated filter media and methods are provided. In some embodiments, a membrane may comprise graphene oxide sheets that have undergone one or more chemical treatments. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Compositions comprising metal organic frameworks for the uptake of compounds and related methods
Compositions and methods for adsorption of a species (e.g., ammonia, water, a halogen) comprising metal organic frameworks (mofs) are generally provided. In some embodiments, a mof comprises a plurality of metal ions, each coordinated with at least one ligand comprising at least two unsaturated n-heterocyclic aromatic groups arranged about an organic core.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Dna encryption technologies
In some aspects, the instant disclosure relates to the multiplexed encryption of information on nucleic acid molecules. In some aspects, the instant disclosure relates to a method of secure communication of information disseminated across at least one nucleic acid molecule, the method comprising (a) obtaining a modified keyboard comprising a personalized platform for translating text into a nucleic acid sequence; (b) translating a quantum of information into a nucleic acid message sequence using the modified keyboard of (a); and, (c) obtaining an at least one nucleic acid molecule, each molecule comprising: (i) the complete or a portion of the nucleic acid message sequence, and (ii) at least one contiguous stretch of randomized variable nucleic acid sequence flanking and/or inserted into the message sequence, thereby producing a nucleic acid molecule or a set of nucleic acid molecules containing the entire quantum of information.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Enhanced thermal stability on multi-metal filled cermet based spectrally selective solar absorbers
A spectrally selective solar absorber is described and comprises a substrate, double cermet layers comprising multi-metal nanoparticles embedded in a dielectrics matrix, and double antireflection layers deposited on cermet layers. The tungsten or titanium or tantalum infrared reflector layer suppressing the diffusion of substrate elements and multi-metal nanoparticles in the cermet are disclosed.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Correcting crosstalk in biological systems
Aspects of the present disclosure are directed to biosensing circuits that correct crosstalk.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Dna cloaking technologies
The disclosure relates to the use of steganographic methods to camouflage information encoded on nucleic acids. Specifically, the method comprising preparing a pool of recombinant nucleic acid constructs, wherein at least one of the constnjcts comprises the nucleic acid sequence to be camouflaged and wherein the pool is heterogeneous with respect to the orientation of the nucleic acid sequence to be camouflaged, and the information is camouflaged using genetic recombination.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Catalysts for metathesis reactions including enantioselective olefin metathesis, and related methods
The present invention provides compositions comprising metal complexes, and related methods. In some embodiments, metal complexes of the invention may be useful as catalysts for chemical reactions, including metathesis reactions, wherein the catalysts exhibit enhanced activity and stereoselectivity. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Hydrogel particles, compositions, and methods
Hydrogel particles are provided that include a crosslinked polymer and a drug conjugated to the crosslinked polymer. The hydrogel particles may include a ph sensitive moiety and a redox sensitive moiety. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Deep brain source imaging with m/eeg and anatomical mri
A method for non-invasively resolving electrophysiological activity in sub-cortical structures located deep in the brain by comparing amplitude-insensitive m/eeg field patterns arising from activity in subcortical and cortical sources under physiologically relevant sparse constraints is disclosed. The method includes a sparse inverse solution for m/eeg subcortical source modeling. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods and apparatus for optical fiber imaging
An open-ended, incoherent bundle of optical fibers transmits light from a nearby scene. A camera captures images of the back end of the fiber bundle. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Nano-film transfer and visibly transparent organic and perovskite solar cells and leds with a nano-film layer
A transfer stamp comprising a nano-film layer is formed on a substantially transparent polymeric substrate, wherein the substantially transparent polymeric substrate comprises an indirect adhesion layer adhered to the nano-film. The nano-film layer of the transfer stamp is applied to a surface of a target substrate; the nano-film layer is positioned between the indirect adhesion layer and the target substrate.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Systems and methods for aligning and coupling semiconductor structures
In a system for aligning at least two semiconductor structures for coupling, an alignment device includes a mounting structure having at least first and second opposing portions. The alignment device also includes a first mounting portion movably coupled to the first portion of the mounting structure, the first mounting portion configured to couple to a first surface of a first semiconductor structure. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Polymer-nanostructure composition for selective molecular recognition
A composition can include a complex, where the complex includes a photoluminescent nanostructure and a polymer free from selective binding to an analyte, the polymer adsorbed on the photoluminescent nanostructure, and a selective binding site associated with the complex.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Neuronal axon mimetics for in vitro analysis of neurological diseases, myelination, and drug screening
Aspects of the present invention provide improved methods and apparatus for use in in vitro modeling of the interaction of cells with cellular constructs/parts/axons, including axon mimetics and use of three-dimensional fibers.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Systems and methods for determining therapeutic uptake and dosing
Tools for characterizing uptake of therapeutic compounds by target tissue are disclosed along with methods for determining dosing regimen from the uptake parameters. Uptake parameters considered include partition coefficient, diffusivity, and equilibrium uptake ratio. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Blue light emitting semiconductor nanocrystals and devices
A blue light emitting semiconductor nanocrystal having an quantum yield of greater than 20% can be incorporated in a light emitting device.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Additive manufacturing of viscoelastic materials
Described is a method of forming a structure having viscoelastic properties. The method can include a) depositing a layer of droplets of a solidifying material and a non-solidifying material, the droplets being deposited according to an occupancy matrix specifying voxels for the solidifying and non-solidifying materials, the solidifying and non-solidifying material being interspersed within the occupancy matrix, the occupancy matrix being generated by a probabilistic function; b) exposing the droplets of solidifying material to ultraviolet radiation to cure the solidifying material; and c) repeating a) and b) to deposit additional layers of droplets of solidifying and non-solidifying materials, thereby forming the structure having viscoelastic properties.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Nanoliter pipetting device
Nanoliter pipette assembly. The assembly includes a housing containing a working fluid in a working fluid chamber therein and includes a moveable piston within the housing, the piston moveable by a linear actuation mechanism for contact with the working fluid. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Selective reduction of tobacco-specific nitrosamines and related methods
Aspects of the present disclosure relate to electrochemical reduction of tobacco-specific nitrosamines (tsnas). According to certain methods described herein, a tobacco composition containing one or more tsnas and nicotine is contacted with a solvent to form a tobacco mixture. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Safely ingestible batteries and methods
A battery for use in electronic devices and which is safely ingested into a body and a related method of making the battery. The battery includes an anode, a cathode and a quantum tunneling composite coating. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Polymer / single-walled carbon nanotube composite for gas detection
A sensor can include a conductive region in electrical communication with at least two electrodes, the conductive region can include a composite of a polymer and swcnts immobilized onto a substrate. In certain embodiment, a linker can be grafted on the substrate. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
System and method for preservation, transport, and analysis of water samples
A device for collecting contaminants from water samples is provided. The device includes a solid sorbent that collects and stores the contaminants from water samples. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Dead guides for crispr transcription factors
The invention provides for systems, methods, and compositions for altering expression of target gene sequences and related gene products. Provided are structural information on the cas protein of the crispr-cas system, use of this information in generating modified components of the crispr complex, vectors and vector systems which encode one or more components or modified components of a crispr complex, as well as methods for the design and use of such vectors and components. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Highly tunable colloidal perovskite nanoplatelets
Colloidal perovskite nanoplatelets can provide a material platform, with tunability extending from the deep uv, across the visible, into the near-ir. The high degree of spectral tunability can be achieved through variation of the cation, metal, and halide composition as well as nanoplatelet thickness.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
High affinity metal-oxide binding peptides with reversible binding
A dodecamer peptide, and its modified variant, having a repeating glycine-lysine sequence was created and formed to bind with high affinity to oxide surfaces and certain activated polymeric surfaces. Reversible binding characteristics of the peptides were demonstrated. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Method and apparatus for efficient use of cnc machine shaping tool including cessation of use no later than the onset of tool deterioration by monitoring audible sound during shaping
A cnc machine shaping tool is efficiently used by monitoring human audible sound during shaping. A sound information set is created for a tool shaping a workpiece. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Synthesis of nanoparticles by sonofragmentation of ultra-thin substrates
A method for synthesizing nanoparticles by sonofragmentation includes dispersing ultra-thin substrate units in a solvent chosen for suitability for sonofragmentation of the substrate, forming a suspension; ultrasonicating the suspension for a length of time sufficient to fragment the substrate into nanoparticles that are dispersed in the solvent; and evaporating the solvent. Solvent exchange with a second solvent may be performed. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Multi-stage reverse osmosis systems and methods
Improved reverse osmosis (ro) systems include at least first and second stages wherein each stage has at least one ro membrane, each stage has a feed stream inlet, a permeate stream outlet, and a concentrate stream outlet, the feed stream inlet of the second stage is coupled to the concentrate stream outlet of the first stage, the second pressure is greater than the first pressure, and pressure exchangers associated with each of the first and second stages are configured to recover energy from the second stage concentrate stream. The systems include m reverse osmosis membranes in the first stage and n reverse osmosis membranes in the second stage, wherein m≧n. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Engineering a heterogeneous tissue from pluripotent stem cells
Aspects of the present disclosure are directed to methods and compositions for the production of heterogeneous tissue from human induced pluripotent stem (hips) cells.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Extensible recombinase cascades
Provided herein are genetic constructs comprising genetic perturbation cassettes and methods of using such to assess the timing and order of gene expression.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Device for controlled apical flow in cell culture inserts
A device for controlling apical flow to a cell culture includes an apical insert that defines at least one inlet channel extending from an inlet port to an apical feed port and at least one outlet channel extending from an apical effluent port to an outlet port. The apical insert includes a projecting portion configured to extend into a cell culture insert to a depth that is less than a depth of the cell culture insert, and a contact surface configured to maintain a spatial relationship between the projecting portion and the cell culture insert.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Lock-release polymerization
Techniques are provided to independently control 3d shape and chemistry of rapidly produced colloids. A pre-polymer mixture including a monomer is made to flow into a channel with insular relief in a wall at a known location of the channel. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Agents for influenza neutralization
The present invention provides antibodies (e.g., monoclonal antibodies, human antibodies, humanized antibodies, etc.), which bind to multiple influenza strains. Such antibodies are useful, for example, in the prophylaxis, treatment, diagnosis, and/or study of influenza.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Compositions and methods comprising rhenium for the treatment of cancers
Compositions and methods comprising rhenium are provided. In some embodiments, the rhenium compounds comprise a bidentate ligand. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Nanocrystal synthesis
A method of preparing monodisperse mx semiconductor nanocrystals can include contacting an m-containing precursor with an x donor to form a mixture, where the molar ratio between the m containing precursor and the x donor is large. Alternatively, if additional x donor is added during the reaction, a smaller ratio between the m containing precursor and the x donor can be used to prepare monodisperse mx semiconductor nanocrystals.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Artificially engineered protein hydrogels to mimic nucleoporin selective gating
Disclosed are synthetic polypeptides modeled after nspi nucleoporin which are useful for forming hydrogels characterized by selective permeability. The polypeptides and hydrogels formed from them include phenylalanine-glycine (fg) repeats, which are believed to participate in the selectivity of the nuclear pore complex. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Manufacture of a pharmaceutical product
An emulsion-based method for the manufacture of a crystalized spherical agglomerate and/or a pharmaceutical product is provided; and crystalized spherical agglomerates and/or pharmaceutical products manufactured thereby.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Wearable, self-locking shape memory alloy (sma) actuator cartridge
Described embodiments provide a shape memory alloy (sma) cartridge for use in providing controllable compression. The sma cartridge includes first and second end caps, each of the first and second end caps being coupled to a passive material. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Systems and methods for managing data proxies
Systems and methods are provided for managing data proxies. The systems and methods enable a proxy management system to store and manage data proxies that digitally represent real-world objects equipped with sensors. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Human-machine collaborative optimization via apprenticeship scheduling
Domain expert heuristics are captured within a computational framework for a task scheduling system. One or more classifiers are trained to predict (i) whether a first action should be scheduled instead of a second action using pairwise comparisons between actions scheduled by a demonstrator at particular times and actions not scheduled by the demonstrator at the particular times, and (ii) whether a particular action should be scheduled for a particular agent at a particular time. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods and apparatus for additive manufacturing with molten glass
A nozzle deposits a filament of viscous, molten glass onto a print bed, while the print bed rotates about a vertical axis and translates in x, y, and z directions. The deposition is computer controlled, such that the resulting deposited filament forms a desired glass object that is solid after it anneals. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Fabrication of stable electrode/diffusion barrier layers for thermoelectric filled skutterudite devices
. . Disclosed are methods for the manufacture of n-type and p-type filled skutterudite thermoelectric legs of an electrical contact. A first material of cosi2 and a dopant are ball-milled to form a first powder which is thermo-mechanically processed with a second powder of n-type skutterudite to form a n-type skutterudite layer disposed between a first layer and a third layer of the doped-cosi2. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Stable polymeric nanoparticle compositions and methods related thereto
Disclosed are compositions comprising composite nanoparticles and a reporter molecule for use in detecting the presence of an analyte in a substrate. The composite nanoparticles comprise a solid core and a polyampholyte covalently bonded to the solid core. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Digital image correlation for measuring skin strain and deformation
Described embodiments provide a system and method for measuring surface deformation and strain using digital image correlation of a surface of a test object. A data acquisition system acquires images of the surface. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Cognitive radio method and apparatus for achieving ad hoc interference multiple access wireless communication
An suoc radio employs: (1) spectrum sensing and parameter estimation methods to characterize potential fuocs; (2) a rate pair prediction tool to guide it's choice of fuoc to target along with the appropriate rate pair (suoc and fuoc achievable rates); (3) machine learning methods to automatically and on the fly advantage experience/history; (4) a decision maker with multiple possible procedures that govern steps of interaction; (5) multiuser detection receiver to deal with the interference once information-bearing transmission has commenced by the suoc radios. (6) a radio capable of full transmit-processing chain to accomplish modulation and full receive-processing chain to accomplish demodulation, as well as other radio functions necessary for successful wireless communications such as medium access control, networking and other functions.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Generating transforms for compressing and decompressing visual data
Encoding data includes: encoding a residual of a first portion of an array of data to generate a first set of coefficients; decoding the first set of coefficients to generate a decoded representation of the first portion; computing an estimated covariance function for a residual of a second portion of the array of data based on a model that includes a gradient of a plurality of boundary data values located on a boundary of the decoded representation of the first portion; computing a set of transform basis functions from the estimated covariance function; and encoding the residual of the second portion using a first transform that uses the computed set of transform basis functions.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Personalized bundle recommendation system and method
An aspect of the disclosure includes a method, a system and a computer program product for determining a personalized bundle offer for a consumer. The method includes determining an interest in an initial product by a consumer. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Systems and methods for selectively coating a substrate using shadowing features
Systems and methods for producing electromagnetic devices are provided. The systems and methods allow for an electromagnetic device having both a substrate (e.g., polymer) and conductive material (e.g., metal) to be manufactured without using masks or other outside objects disposed over a surface (e.g., the substrate) onto which the conductive material is deposited. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Energy level modification of nanocrystals through ligand exchange
A method of improving performance of a photovoltaic device can include modifying a surface energy level of a nanocrystal through ligand exchange. A photovoltaic device can include a layer that includes a nanocrystal with a surface energy modified through ligand exchange.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Organic light-emitting diode materials
Described herein are molecules for use in organic light emitting diodes. Example molecules comprise at least one moiety a and at least one moiety d. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Nanoporous semiconductor materials and manufacture thereof
Methods for forming nanoporous semiconductor materials are described. The methods allow for the formation of micron-scale arrays of sub-10 nm nanopores in semiconductor materials with narrow size distributions and aspect ratios of over 400:1.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Educational building blocks to model protein assembly from amino acids
A kit of educational building blocks includes a first set of amino acid side chain building blocks, each amino acid side chain building block corresponding to a distinct one of 20 distinct amino acid side chains, a second set of identical amino end building blocks, each amino end building block having a first end configured to removably engage with the amino acid side chain building blocks to form an amino end-side chain block combination, and a third set of identical acid end building blocks, each acid end building block having a first end configured to removably engage with amino end-side chain block combination to produce an amino acid building block assembly. The first, second, and third set of blocks are configured so that a plurality of amino acid building block assemblies can be linked to one another so as to model a series of linked amino acids in a protein.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Method and apparatus for generating thz radiation
A method of generating thz radiation includes the steps of generating optical input radiation with an input radiation source device (10), irradiating a first conversion crystal device (30) with the optical input radiation, wherein the first conversion crystal device (30) is arranged in a single pass configuration, and generating the thz radiation having a thz frequency in the first conversion crystal device (30) in response to the optical input radiation by an optical-to-thz-conversion process, wherein a multi-line frequency spectrum is provided by the optical input radiation in the first conversion crystal device (30), and the optical-to-thz-conversion process includes cascaded difference frequency generation using the multi-line frequency spectrum. Furthermore, a thz source apparatus being configured for generating thz radiation and applications thereof are described.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
High-throughput assembly of genetic elements
Disclosed is a method of generating a set of sequence-verified nucleic acid elements for the combinatorial construction of genetic elements. The method includes: providing a plurality of nucleic acid parts; assembling nucleic acid parts to form a one or more nucleic acid elements, wherein the nucleic acid elements include at least two sequences selected from the plurality of parts; and determining the sequence of the nucleic acid elements. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Catalytic methods for the production of an alcohol from an alkane
The present invention generally relates to apparatuses, systems, and methods for oxidation of an alkane (e.g., methane) into an alcohol (e.g., methanol) in the presence of a catalyst.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Redox-active compounds and related compounds, compositions, methods and systems
Compounds able to affect production and/or activity of a redox active compound, which include candidate therapeutic compounds and candidate compounds for enhancing power output of a microbial fuel cell, and related compositions, methods and systems.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Lipid vesicle compositions and methods of use
The invention provides delivery systems comprised of stabilized multilamellar vesicles, as well as compositions, methods of synthesis, and methods of use thereof. The stabilized multilamellar vesicles may comprise prophylactic, therapeutic and/or diagnostic agents.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Non-contact laser ultrasound system
Non-contact ultrasound imaging system. The system includes a pulsed near infrared scanning laser source for illuminating a surface of a structure to generate ultrasonic elastic waves that propagate into the structure. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Pyrolyzed porous carbon materials and ion emitters
Embodiments related to the use and production of porous carbon materials in ion emitters and other applications are described. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Multi-well micropatterning by ablation
The present invention is drawn to the generation of micropatterns of biomolecules and cells on standard laboratory materials through selective ablation of a physisorbed biomolecule with oxygen plasma. In certain embodiments, oxygen plasma is able to ablate selectively physisorbed layers of biomolecules (e.g., type-i collagen, fibronectin, laminin, and matrigel) along complex non-linear paths which are difficult or impossible to pattern using alternative methods. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Robotic systems for supporting a user
Robotic systems for supporting a human in stationary and/or mobile applications and related methods of operation are described.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Compositions and methods for promoting intestinal stem cell and/or non-stem progenitor cell function
Disclosed herein are novel methods and compositions useful for promoting intestinal stem cell function. The methods and compositions are particularly useful for stimulating the proliferation of and/or self-renewal of intestinal stem cells, as well as for minimizing, preventing, or ameliorating cellular damage resulting from incidental or accidental exposure to radiation (e.g., cancer radiation therapy).. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Multilayer compositions, coated devices and use thereof
The present invention provides, among other things, multilayer film coating compositions, coated substrates and methods thereof. In some embodiments, a structure, comprising a substrate and a multilayer film on the substrate, wherein the multilayer film comprises a release layer and one or more layer-by-layer films. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
System and method for non-contact ultrasound with enhanced safety
A system and method for noncontact ultrasound imagery capable of generating images in a manner that is safer for eyes and skin is provided. A photoacoustic excitation source may be employed to direct light signals with wavelengths of 1400-1600 nanometers into the patient to generate acoustic disturbances that induce propagating photoacoustic waves. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Layered medium for three-dimensional imaging
The attenuation and other optical properties of a medium are exploited to measure a thickness of the medium between a sensor and a target surface. Disclosed herein are various mediums, arrangements of hardware, and processing techniques that can be used to capture these thickness measurements and obtain three-dimensional images of the target surface in a variety of imaging contexts. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Biological analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog converters
Described herein are novel biological converter switches that utilize modular components, such as genetic toggle switches and single invertase memory modules (simms), for converting analog inputs to digital outputs, and digital inputs to analog outputs, in cells and cellular systems. Flexibility in these biological converter switches is provided by combining individual modular components, i.e., simms and genetic toggle switches, together. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Protein-chaperoned t-cell vaccines
Protein antigens are provided. The protein antigens typically include a peptide antigen conjugated or fused to a chaperone protein to form a “chaperone-antigen” that increases lymph node uptake; improves an immune response; or a combination thereof relative to the peptide antigen alone. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods for treating tissue damage associated with ischemia with apolipoprotein d
The invention provides methods for treating tissue damage associated with impaired blood flow using apod, or an active variant thereof, or an agent that increases the expression of apod. The invention also encompasses active variants of apod for use in the methods.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Voltage-controlled resistive devices
Systems, methods, and apparatus are provided for tuning a memristive property of a device. The device (500) includes a layer of a dielectric material (507) disposed over and forming an interface with a layer of an electrically conductive material (506), and a gate electrode (508) disposed over the dielectric material. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Multi-mode cavities for high-efficiency nonlinear wavelength conversion formed with overlap optimization
A dual frequency optical resonator configured for optical coupling to light having a first frequency ω1. The dual frequency optical resonator includes a plurality of alternating layer pairs stacked in a post configuration, each layer pair having a first layer formed of a first material and a second layer formed of a second material, the first material and second materials being different materials. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Crystal structures of human torsin-a and methods of determining and using the same
A protein composition including torsina or torsina mutant, lull1, and a nanobody obtained by immunization using torsina and lull1 is used to grow complex crystals, and three dimensional structures are determined using x-ray data of the crystals. A creening platform is built based on the determined three dimensional structures for designing a drug lead to cure dystonia.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Compositions, methods and use of synthetic lethal screening
The present invention generally relates to methods of identifying modulators of central nervous system diseases and the use of the modulators in treatment and diagnosis. The methods utilize a novel high throughput screen that includes injection of a library of barcoded viral vectors expressing shrna's, crispr/cas systems or cdna's into animal models of disease and detecting synthetic lethality.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Fabrication of carbon nanoribbons from carbon nanotube arrays
Inter-allotropic transformations of carbon are provided using moderate conditions including alternating voltage pulses and modest temperature elevation. By controlling the pulse magnitude, small-diameter single-walled carbon nanotubes are transformed into larger-diameter single-walled carbon nanotubes, multi-walled carbon nanotubes of different morphologies, and multi-layered graphene nanoribbons.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
One-step protein analysis using slanted nanofilter array
This disclosure provides an apparatus and a method for quickly, efficiently and continuously fractionating biomolecules, such as dnas and proteins based on size and other factors, while allowing imaging of the separated biomolecules as they are processed within the apparatus. The apparatus employs angled nanochannels to first preconcentrate and then separate like molecules. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Elastic element exoskeleton and method of using same
Running in a mammal, such as a human, is augmented by adaptively modulating anticipation of maximum leg extension of a mammal when running, and actuating an exoskeletal clutch linked in series to at least one elastic element, wherein the clutch and elastic element form an exoskeleton and are attached in parallel to at least one muscle-tendon unit of a leg of the mammal and span at least one joint of the mammal fitted with the exoskeleton. The exoskeletal clutch is actuated in advance of a predicted maximum extension of the exoskeletal clutch to thereby cause the exoskeletal clutch to lock essentially simultaneously with ground strike by the leg of the mammal. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Method of and system for optimizing nurbs surfaces for an imaging system
. . A method of and program for optimizing nurbs optical surfaces for an imaging system. Preferably, the number and location of field point sources to be used in ray tracing of a nurbs modeled imaging system surfaces are determined by automatically iteratively increasing the number of field point sources during ray tracing until the spot size from adjacent field points sources on the image plane of the imaging system varies by less than a predetermined value. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Isolated mucins and different microorganisms, and methods of use
A method of altering intercellular interactions between a combination of microorganisms includes contacting a combination of different species of microorganisms with at least one mucin. Isolated compositions include a combination of microorganisms and at least one mucin. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Catalysts and methods for ring opening metathesis polymerization
The present invention, among other things, provides highly syndiotactic poly(dicyclopentadiene) and/or hydrogenated poly(dicyclopentadiene), compositions thereof, and compounds and methods for preparing the same. In some embodiments, a provided compound is a compound of formula i, ii or iii. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Batch pressure-driven membrane separation with closed-flow loop and reservoir
A feed of at least one of (a) a source liquid including a solvent with a dissolved impurity and (b) a retentate of the source liquid is pumped in a substantially closed loop through a liquid-separation module. The liquid-separation module includes a membrane that passes at least partially purified solvent to a permeate side of the membrane while diverting the impurity in a retentate on the retentate side of the membrane. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Modified alginates for cell encapsulation and cell therapy
Covalently modified alginate polymers, possessing enhanced biocompatibility and tailored physiochemical properties, as well as methods of making and use thereof, are disclosed herein. The covalently modified alginates are useful as a matrix for the encapsulation and transplantation of cells. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Global hosting system
Network architecture supports hosting and content distribution on a global scale. The architecture allows a content provider to replicate and serve its most popular content at an unlimited number of points throughout the world. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Multi-path data transfer using network coding
Techniques, devices, systems, and protocols are disclosed herein that relate to data transfer between communication nodes via multiple heterogeneous paths. In various embodiments, network coding may be used to improve data flow and reliability in a multiple path scenario. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Power converter with capacitive energy transfer and fast dynamic response
A converter circuit and related technique for providing high power density power conversion includes a reconfigurable switched capacitor transformation stage coupled to a magnetic converter (or regulation) stage. The circuits and techniques achieve high performance over a wide input voltage range or a wide output voltage range. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Structures for nitride vertical transistors
A vertical semiconductor transistor and a method of forming the same. A vertical semiconductor transistor has at least one semiconductor region, a source, and at least one gate region. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods and apparatus for time-of-flight imaging
In some implementations, scene depth is extracted from dual frequency of a cross-correlation signal. A camera may illuminate a scene with amplitude-modulated light, sweeping the modulation frequency. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Multiplexed lateral flow assay
The present invention provides a lateral flow multiplex assay strip, and lateral flow assay systems and kits comprising the assay strips of the invention and methods of using the assay strip and systems and kits to detect the levels of two or more target analytes that may be present in a liquid sample, wherein the two more target analytes are detectable at a single test area of the assay.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Compliant leak detection system
Compliant leak detection system. The system includes structure adapted to support at least two rows of leak detection leaves, each leak detection leaf supported by an arm pivotally attached to the structure and urged outwardly by a torsion spring into contact with a pipe wall so as to adjust for changes in pipe diameter. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Nanocrystalline alloy penetrators
Nanocrystalline alloy penetrators and related methods are generally provided. In some embodiments, a munition comprises a nanocrystalline alloy penetrator. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods and apparatus for selective rod actuation
In exemplary implementations, a target rod is actuated. The target rod is part of a set of threaded, elongated rods, the longitudinal axes of which are substantially parallel to each other. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Engineering genetic circuit interactions within and between synthetic minimal cells and use thereof
The invention, in some aspects relates to compositions comprising synthetic minimal cells (smcs) and use of smcs, pluralities of smcs in relation to engineering genetic circuit interactions.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Anti-dengue virus ns1 protein monoclonal antibodies
The present invention provides matched antibody pairs for the specific detection of one or more of the four dengue virus serotypes in a biological sample that may contain one or more of such dengue virus serotypes. Each matched antibody pair is capable of detecting not more than one serotype of dengue virus ns1 protein that may be present in the sample and will not cross react with other serotypes that may be present in the sample. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Compositions and methods comprising osmium for the treatment of cancers
Compositions and methods comprising osmium are provided. In some embodiments, the osmium compounds comprise a bidentate ligand. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Max binders as myc modulators and uses thereof
The present disclosure provides compounds of formula (i′), formula (i), formula (ii), formula (ii-a), formula (iii), and formula (iv). The compounds described herein are max binders and/or modulators of myc, mad, or mxi1 (e.g., inhibitors of myc, mad, or mxi1), and may be useful in treating a subject with a disease associated with myc, such as proliferative diseases (e.g., cancer). ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Persistent carbene adducts and related methods
Persistent carbene adducts and methods of forming the same are generally described, as well as compositions comprising the persistent carbene adduct. In some embodiments, methods are provided comprising heating a persistent carbene to relatively high temperatures to convert the persistent carbene into a persistent carbene-carbodiimide adduct. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Motorized limb assistance device
An active ankle foot orthosis (aafo) is provided where the impedance of an orthotic joint is modulated throughout the walking cycle to treat ankle foot gait pathology, such as drop foot gait. During controlled plantar flexion, a biomimetic torsional spring control is applied where orthotic joint stiffness is actively adjusted to minimize forefoot collisions with the ground. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
System and method of masking and computing on masked data in a data store
Various embodiments are disclosed for efficiently masking a data set using sparse associative array representations, such that various computations may be performed directly on the masked data set in a data store with low computational overhead. Some embodiments may include transforming a data set into a sparse associative array representation (e.g., a sparse matrix table or graph) and masking the various components of the sparse associative array representation (e.g., row keys, column keys, values) to generate a masked associative array representation using different masking schemes. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Multipolarized vector sensor array antenna system for radio astronomy applications
The present invention generally relates to an electromagnetic field vector sensing receive antenna array system for installation and deployment on a structure. A multipolarized array of collocated antenna elements is used to provide calibrated amplitude and phase radiation patterns with monopole, dipole, and loop modes generated from crossed loops connected to a be informer. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Modular organ microphysiological system with integrated pumping, leveling, and sensing
Fluidic multiwell bioreactors are provided as a microphysiological platform for in vitro investigation of multi-organ crosstalks for an extended period of time of at least weeks and months. The disclosed platform is featured with one or more improvements over existing bioreactors, including on-board pumping for pneumatically driven fluid flow, a redesigned spillway for self-leveling from source to sink, a non-contact built-in fluid level sensing device, precise control on fluid flow profile and partitioning, and facile reconfigurations such as daisy chaining and multilayer stacking. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Mapping the spatial localization of cellular nucleic acids by proximity-dependent enzymatic tagging
Compositions and methods for mapping the spatial localization of cellular nucleic acids by proximity-dependent enzymatic tagging are described. In particular, proximity-specific biotinylation of nucleic acids is combined with sequencing to identify nucleic acids, including dna or rna molecules in proximity to a protein of interest or within or near a particular subcellular compartment in vivo.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Compositions and methods for epithelial stem cell expansion and culture
Described are cell culture solutions and systems for epithelial stem cell and organoid cultures, formation of epithelial constructs and uses of the same in transplantation.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Rare earth spatial/spectral barcodes for multiplexed biochemical testing
Hydrogel microparticles spatially and spectrally encoded using upconverting phosphor nanoparticles are described for use in biochemical testing. In each microparticle, upconversion nanocrystals having spectrally distinguishable emission spectra are disposed in different partions of an encoding region of the microparticle.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Rare earth spatial/spectral microparticle barcodes for labeling of objects and tissues
Polymer microparticles spatially and spectrally encoded using upconversion nanocrystals (ucn) are described for labeling of articles and tissues. Ucn having spectrally distinguishable emission spectra are disposed in different portions of an encoding region of each microparticle.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Multifunctional bonding of hydrogels
Chemically anchoring long-chain polymer networks of tough hydrogels on solid surfaces can represent a general strategy to design tough and functional bonding between hydrogels and solid materials, achieving interfacial toughness over 1000 jm−2.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Synergistic tumor treatment with il-2, a therapeutic antibody, and a cancer vaccine
The present invention provides a method of treating cancer with a combination of il-2 (e.g., extended-pk il-2), a therapeutic antibody or fragment thereof, and a cancer vaccine. The methods of the invention can be used to treat a broad range of cancer types.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Redox mediators for metal-sulfur batteries
Metal-sulfur energy storage devices also comprising new redox mediator compounds are described.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Video-based identification of operational mode shapes
A method and corresponding device for identifying operational mode shapes of an object in a video stream includes extracting pixel-wise eulerian motion signals of an object from an undercomplete representation of frames within a video stream. Pixel-wise eulerian motion signals are downselected to produce a representative set of eulerian motion signals of the object. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Microfluidic assay for rapid optimization of cell electroporation
An electroporation device with a volume of varying cross sectional area that as a fast assay device for determining the optimal conditions for plasma membrane electroporation.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Transfer method for two-dimensional film
A two-dimensional film (such as graphene) is formed on a surface of a growth substrate. A first surface of the two-dimensional film adheres to the growth substrate, and a second surface of the two-dimensional film is then coated with a conforming carrier layer comprising ethylene vinyl acetate. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Batch pressure-driven membrane liquid separation using a pressure exchanger for efficiency
A source liquid including a solvent with a dissolved impurity flows into a reservoir. The source liquid or a concentration of the source liquid is pumped from the reservoir through a pressure exchanger into an upstream side of a liquid-separation module. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods and apparatus for stimulation of biological tissue
In illustrative implementations of this invention, interferential stimulation is precisely directed to arbitrary regions in a brain. The target region is not limited to the area immediately beneath the electrodes, but may be any superficial, mid-depth or deep brain structure. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Synergistic tumor treatment with il-2, a therapeutic antibody, and an immune checkpoint blocker
The present invention provides a method of treating cancer with a combination of il-2 (e.g., extended-pk il-2), a therapeutic antibody or fragment thereof, and an immune checkpoint blocker. The methods of the invention can be used to treat a broad range of cancer types.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Combination therapies and methods of use thereof for treating cancer
Pharmaceutical compositions including an effective amount of an antiandrogen or androgen antagonist in combination with a plk inhibitor and methods of use thereof for treating cancer are disclosed. Administration of the combination of the active agents can be effective to reduce cancer cell proliferation or viability in a subject with cancer to the same degree, or a greater degree than administering to the subject the same amount of either active agent alone. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Transfemoral rotator using push button spring clips
Transfemoral rotator. The transfemoral rotator includes an inner cylinder that nests within a cavity of a base shell. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Rapid and precise optically multiplexed imaging
Described herein are devices and methods for uniquely encoding one or more channels of an optically multiplexed imaging system rapidly and precisely to improve the system's efficiency and performance. The disclosed devices and methods generally provide dynamically variable image encoding that can occur at speeds faster than a capturing frame rate of an image sensor and with a precision that is less than an angular sampling of an image sensor pixel. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Devices and methods for sensing targets using photothermal speckle detection
A device, and corresponding method, can include a pump light source configured to be modulated at a pump modulation and to irradiate a target specimen. The device can also include a probe light source arranged to generate a speckle pattern from the target specimen, as well as a sensor configured to detect changes in at least one of position and intensity of one or more speckle lobes of the speckle pattern having correlation with the pump modulation. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Novel crispr enzymes and systems
The invention provides for systems, methods, and compositions for targeting nucleic acids. In particular, the invention provides non-naturally occurring or engineered dna or rna-targeting systems comprising a novel dna or rna-targeting crispr effector protein and at least one targeting nucleic acid component like a guide rna.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods and systems for carrying out a ph-influenced chemical and/or biological reaction
The present invention generally relates to methods and systems for carrying out a ph-influenced chemical and/or biological reaction. In some embodiments, the ph-influenced reaction involves the conversion of co2 to a dissolved species.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Sleeved coaxial printed circuit board vias
A printed circuit board, and a method of fabricating the printed circuit board is disclosed. The printed circuit board includes at least one coaxial via. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Normalizing signal energy for speech in fluctuating noise
An approach to audio processing aims to improve intelligibility by amplifying time segments of an input signal when the level of the signal falls below a long-term average level of the input signal, for instance, introducing a time-varying gain such that the signal level of the amplified segment matches the long-term average level.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods and apparatus for true high dynamic range imaging
When imaging bright objects, a conventional detector array can saturate, making it difficult to produce an image with a dynamic range that equals the scene's dynamic range. Conversely, a digital focal plane array (dfpa) with one or more m-bit counters can produce an image whose dynamic range is greater than the native dynamic range. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Genomically-encoded memory in live cells
Aspects of the present disclosure provide synthetic-biology platforms for in vivo genome editing, which enable the use of live cell genomes as “tape recorders” for long-term recording of event histories and analog memories.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Cell rolling separation
The present invention provides systems for cell separation based on cell rolling on surfaces along edges of regions coated with cell adhesion molecules. A variety of designs of coated regions and edges are disclosed.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Aminoalcohol lipidoids and uses thereof
Aminoalcohol lipidoids are prepared by reacting an amine with an epoxide-terminated compound are described. Methods of preparing aminoalcohol lipidoids from commercially available starting materials are also provided. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Dihydrogen tetrametaphosphate, its derivatives, and preparation thereof
Dihydrogen metaphosphate can be synthesized via protonation, and can react with a dehydrating agent to afford tetrametaphosphate anhydride. A monohydrogen tetra-metaphosphate organic ester can be derived from the anhydride. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Systems and methods for spectroscopy of biological tissue
The system and method of the present invention relates to using spectroscopy, for example, raman spectroscopic methods for diagnosis of tissue conditions such as vascular disease or cancer. In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a system for measuring tissue includes a fiber optic probe having a proximal end, a distal end, and a diameter of 2 mm or less. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Metal sulfide electrodes and energy storage devices thereof
The present invention generally relates to energy storage devices, and to metal sulfide energy storage devices in particular. Some aspects of the invention relate to energy storage devices comprising at least one flowable electrode, wherein the flowable electrode comprises an electroactive metal sulfide material suspended and/or dissolved in a carrier fluid. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Interconnect structures for assembly of multi-layer semiconductor devices
A multi-layer semiconductor device includes at least two semiconductor structures, each of the at least two semiconductor structures having first and second opposing surfaces and including a first section and a second section. The second section includes a device layer and an insulating layer. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Method for forming magneto-optical films for integrated photonic devices
Methods for forming magneto-optical films for integrated photonic devices and integrated photonic devices incorporating same are described. An optical isolator or any nonreciprocal photonic component for an integrated photonic device can be fabricated by depositing a functional garnet layer directly onto a non-garnet substrate; depositing a seed garnet layer on the functional garnet layer; and after depositing both the functional garnet layer and the seed layer performing an annealing process. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods for targeted modification of genomic dna
Provided herein are methods of integrating one or more exogenous nucleic acids into one or more selected target sites of a host cell genome. In certain embodiments, the methods comprise contacting the host cell genome with one or more nucleic acid constructs fused with a pore-forming toxin, which may further be targeted to a particular cell type, wherein the nucleic acid constructs comprise an exogenous nucleic acid to be integrated into a genomic target site, and an enzyme, such as a nuclease or recombinase or a combination thereof capable of targeted introduction of the nucleic acid into the genome.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Synthesis of nanocrystals
A nanocrystal composition can include a nanocrystal and an outer layer including a ligand bound to the nanocyrstal, wherein the ligand includes a norbornene group and a carboxyl group.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods for identification of sites for igg conjugation
The present disclosure relates to immunoglobulins and immunoglobulin conjugates with reduced oligomerization and efficient labeling and compositions, methods of generating such immunoglobulins and immunoglobulin conjugates and methods of using such immunoglobulin conjugates particularly in the treatment and prevention of disease.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Emulsions by condensation
Nanoscale emulsions can be made by means of condensing a liquid vapor onto another liquid. The precise size, chemical composition, and density of emulsions may be controlled through varying the experimental parameters, such as surfactant concentration, time of condensation, humidity, and temperature.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Carrier-free biologically-active protein nanostructures
The present disclosure provides compositions and methods for efficient and effective protein delivery in vitro and in vivo. In some aspects, proteins are reversibly crosslinked to each other and/or modified with functional groups and protected from protease degradation by a polymer-based or silica-based nanoshell.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Miniature ultra-wideband multifunctional antennas and related techniques
Miniature multifunctional antennas and related techniques are disclosed that are capable of wide bandwidth operation. In some embodiments, the antennas are capable of being reconfigured in the field for optimal performance in different frequency band configurations (e.g., a single wide instantaneous bandwidth, multiple smaller bands, etc.) and/or for purposes of self healing. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Multi-layer semiconductor structure and methods for fabricating multi-layer semiconductor structures
A multi-layer semiconductor device (or structure) includes at least two semiconductor structures, each of the at least two semiconductor structures having first and second opposing surfaces. Additionally, each of the at least two semiconductor structures includes a first section having first and second opposing surfaces and a plurality of electrical connections extending between select portions of the first and second surfaces. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Processing system for small substrates
A substrate processing system that is optimized for the production of smaller volumes of semiconductor components is disclosed. To minimize cost, the substrate processing system is designed to accommodate smaller substrates, such as substrates having a diameter of roughly one inch. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Constriction-expansion blood plasma separation
A portable, microfluidic blood plasma separation device is presented featuring a constriction-expansion design, which can produce up to about 100% purity for undiluted blood at least about 9% yield. This level of purity represents an improvement of at least one order of magnitude with increased yield compared to that achieved previously using passive separation. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Fuel management system for variable ethanol octane enhancement of gasoline engines
Fuel management system for efficient operation of a spark ignition gasoline engine. Injectors inject an anti-knock agent such as ethanol directly into a cylinder of the engine. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Optimized fuel management system for direct injection ethanol enhancement of gasoline engines
Fuel management system for enhanced operation of a spark ignition gasoline engine. Injectors inject an anti-knock agent such as ethanol directly into a cylinder. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Nanoparticle chains and preparation thereof
Fabrication and arrangement of nanoparticles into one-dimensional linear chains is achieved by successive chemical reactions, each reaction adding one or more nanoparticles by building onto exposed, unprotected linker functionalities. Optionally, protecting groups may be used to control and organize growth. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Digital flexural materials
Digital flexural materials are kits of discrete parts that can be assembled into a lattice structure to produce functionally useful assemblies. Digital flexural materials enable design of materials with many small and inexpensive flexures that combine in a lattice geometry that permits deformation without compromising the strength of the assembly. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Strain and bioprocess engineering for high lipid production
Some aspects provide engineered microbes for oil production. Methods for microbe engineering and for use of engineered microbes are also provided herein. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Tuning bacteriophage host range
Various aspects and embodiments of the invention are directed to high-throughput phage-engineering methods and recombinant bacteriophages with tunable host ranges for controlling phage specificity.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Systems and methods for growth of nanostructures on substrates, including substrates comprising fibers
Systems and methods for the formation of nanostructures, including carbon-based nanostructures, are generally described. In certain embodiments, substrate configurations and associated methods are described.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Fabrication of three-dimensional kirigami structures with tunable properties
A method of forming a structural honeycomb includes cutting and folding a substrate sheet according to predetermined cutting and folding patterns and fold angles that cause the sheet to form a honeycomb having cells that each have at least one face abutting, or nearly abutting, the face of another cell. The honeycomb is then stabilized by joining abutting, or nearly abutting, faces to hold the honeycomb together. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Biodegradable free-standing controlled drug release stickers
A multi-layer film useful for controlled drug delivery is described. The multilayer film is peelable and self-supporting.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
System and method of automatically identifying mobile communication devices within the vicinity of a gunshot
Control systems and methods are disclosed for automatically identifying mobile communication devices located within a vicinity of a gunshot. The control system may discriminates gunshots from other environmental noise and determine the location of the gunshot from information provided by a set of acoustic sensors. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Auxiliary antenna array for wideband sidelobe cancellation
Described embodiments provide sidelobe cancellation for simultaneous transmit and receive systems. The sidelobe cancellation system includes an array having a primary aperture and an auxiliary array. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Ion sequestration for scale prevention
Cations that can precipitate from an aqueous composition to produce scaling are sequestered by adding a multi-dentate ligand to the aqueous composition. The multi-dentate ligand bonds with the cation to form a non-scaling ionic complex; and the aqueous solution with the ionic complex is used in a process that produces substantially pure water from the aqueous composition, where the cation, absent formation of the ionic complex, is subject to scaling. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Asynchronous digital communication
. . Systems, apparatus, and methods of asynchronous digital communication include at least one transmitter and/or at least one receiver communicatively coupleable to at least one communication interface for encoding and transmitting digital information as and/or receiving and decoding digital information from a transition between a first symbol and a second symbol, based on a predetermined relationship between the first symbol and the second symbol in such a way that the timing of the symbols is no longer relevant.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Universal methodology to synthesize diverse two-dimensional heterostructures
A two-dimensional heterostructure is synthesized by producing a patterned first two-dimensional material on a growth substrate. The first two-dimensional material is patterned to define at least one void through which an exposed region of the growth substrate is exposed. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods and compositions for detecting and modulating cancer cells
The present disclosure provides methods of treatment and compositions for improving and determining the efficacy of anti-cancer therapies involving tubulin remodeling or protein tyrosine kinase activity by modulating and assaying the presence of certain mena splicing isoforms.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Electric field activation of shape memory ceramics
Articles and methods in which an electric field is used to actuate a material are generally described. Provided in one embodiment is a method including applying an electric field to a ceramic material. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Elastic wave damping structures
An elastic wave damping structure can include a structural arrangement of at least two elements, each with an inner volume and containing a medium resistant to passage of an elastic wave. Example elements can be earth boreholes or water pylons. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Pressure driven flow crystallizer
The present invention generally relates to systems and methods for pressure driven flow crystallization. In some embodiments, the system comprises a comprising a cavity and a mixing mechanism. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Systems, devices, and methods for deposition-based three-dimensional printing
Methods, systems, and devices for extrusion-based three-dimensional printing are provided. The methods, systems, and devices allow for the printing materials such as fabrics, clothing, and wearable and/or implantable devices. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Coated nanoclusters for carbon dioxide adsorption
The present invention generally relates to compounds, systems, and methods for adsorption of co2 onto nanoclusters.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Ph-responsive mucoadhesive polymeric encapsulated microorganisms
Methods of encapsulating microorganisms, or components thereof, for targeted enteric delivery to an animal host have been developed. In particular, the encapsulation provides a prolonged survival, extended retention and a ph-sensitive release of the encapsulated microorganisms or antigenic components thereof at targeted sites within the gastrointestinal tract. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Interconnect structures for assembly of semiconductor structures including at least one integrated circuit structure
A semiconductor structure includes at least two substrate layers, each of the at least two substrate layers having first and second opposing surfaces and a plurality of electrical connections extending between the first and second surfaces. The semiconductor structure also includes a substrate joining layer disposed between and coupled to the second surface of a first one of the at least two substrate layers and the first surface of a second one of the at least two substrate layers. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Semiconductor structures for assembly in multi-layer semiconductor devices including at least one semiconductor structure
A multi-layer semiconductor device includes at least a first semiconductor structure and a second semiconductor structure, each having first and second opposing surfaces. The second semiconductor structure includes a first section and a second section, the second section including a device layer and an insulating layer. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Ultra-thin, pinhole-free, flexible metal-organic films
Described herein are facile, one-step initiated plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (ipecvd) methods of synthesizing hyper-thin (e.g., sub-100 nm) and flexible metal organic covalent network (mocn) layers. As an example, the mocn may be made from zinc tetraphenylporphyrin (zntpp) building units. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Intravesical drug delivery methods and devices
An implantable medical device is provided for controlled drug delivery within the bladder, or other body vesicle. The device may include at least one drug reservoir component comprising a drug; and a vesicle retention frame which comprises an elastic wire having a first end, an opposing second end, and an intermediate region therebetween, wherein the drug reservoir component is attached to the intermediate region of the vesicle retention frame. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Delivery, engineering and optimization of systems, methods and compositions for sequence manipulation and therapeutic applications
The invention provides for delivery, engineering and optimization of systems, methods, and compositions for manipulation of sequences and/or activities of target sequences. Provided are delivery systems and tissues or organ which are targeted as sites for delivery. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Delivery systems and kits for gene editing
The present disclosure relates to compositions and methods for modifying a gene sequence, and for systems for deliverying such compositions. For example, the disclosure relates to modifying a gene sequence using a crispr-cas9 or other nucleic acid editing system, and methods and delivery systems for achieving such gene modification, such as viral or non-viral delivery systems.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Ph-sensitive polymeric compositions, kits, and methods
Provided herein are polymeric compositions having a relaxation time that is a function of ph. The polymeric compositions can include an anionic monomer, a cationic monomer, and a crosslinker. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Amine-containing lipidoids and uses thereof
Provided herein are lipidoids that may be prepared from the conjugate addition of alkylamines to acrylates. In some embodiments, provided lipidoids are biodegradable and may be used in a variety of drug delivery systems. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Systems, devices, and methods for high-throughput three-dimensional printing
Printing devices and methods are provided that utilize high throughput extrusion to generate a printer material, such as a three-dimensional object. High-throughput extrusion systems in accordance with the present disclosure volumetrically pre-heat an extruded filament to a desired pre-heat temperature, and then either maintain or heat the extruded filament to a desired melt temperature prior to having the filament extruded out of the system and onto a surface, such as a build platform. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Articles for manipulating impinging liquids and methods of manufacturing same
This invention relates generally to an article that includes a non-wetting surface having a dynamic contact angle of at least about 90°. The surface is patterned with macro-scale features configured to induce controlled asymmetry in a liquid film produced by impingement of a droplet onto the surface, thereby reducing time of contact between the droplet and the surface.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Multiloop interferometers for quantum information processing
Structures and techniques, using superconducting josephson-junction based circuits, to directly engineer physical multiqubit (or “many-qubit”) interactions in a non-perturbative manner. In one embodiment, a system for multiqubit interaction includes: a multispin coupler including a plurality of loops, each loop having a pair of josephson junctions; and a plurality of qubits each inductively coupled to the multispin coupler.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Method and apparatus for motion correction and image enhancement for optical coherence tomography
Images of an object, such as oct scans of a human eye, can include distortions and data gaps due to relative motion of the object and the image acquisition device. Methods and systems for correction of such distortions and data gaps are described herein. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Paramagnetic tree coupling of spin qubits
Described herein are structures and techniques for highly-connected qubit interaction using a “paramagnetic tree coupling” scheme. In one embodiment, a structure for providing highly-connected qubit interaction includes a plurality of qubits and, for each of the plurality of qubits, a paramagnetic medium connecting the qubit to each other one of the plurality of qubits, where the paramagnetic medium includes a series of inductive couplers.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Computing system for identification of solid-solid interphase products
Embodiments of a method, a system, and non-transitory computer readable storage media evaluating electrochemical qualities for interphase products. The disclosed embodiments perform a selection of a plurality of chemical phases for a solid electrolyte and at least one of the anode and cathode to be received. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
System for wide field-of-view, highly oblique illumination microscopy for scatter-based discrimination of cells
System for scatter-based differentiation of cells. The system includes a planar substrate having cells disposed thereon for imaging and a microscope employing relatively low magnification detection optics providing a wide field of view focused on the cells on the substrate and defining a microscope optical axis. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Computationally-assisted multi-heterodyne spectroscopy
According to one aspect, a multi-heterodyne system is disclosed, which comprises a first laser source for generating multi-mode radiation having a frequency spectrum characterized by a first plurality of phase coherent frequencies, and a second laser source for generating multi-mode radiation having a frequency spectrum characterized by a second plurality of phase coherent frequencies. The system further comprises at least one detector for detecting a combination of the multi-mode radiation generated by the first and second laser sources so as to provide a multi-heterodyne signal having a frequency spectrum characterized by a plurality of beat frequencies, each beat frequency corresponding to a pairwise difference in the first and second plurality of phase coherent frequencies. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Stable three-axis nuclear spin gyroscope
An n-nv-based gyroscope is provided that includes a diamond structure implanted with a plurality of nv centers, whose nuclear spins form a spin gyroscope. A number of radio-frequency (rf) coils and microwave (μw) co-planar waveguides are fabricated on the diamond structure to provide a sensitive and stable three-axis gyroscope in the solid state while achieving gyroscopic sensitivity by exploiting the coherence time of the 14n nuclear spin associated with the nv centers in the diamond structure combined with the efficient optical polarization and measurement of electronic spin.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods for high fidelity production of long nucleic acid molecules
In a method for generating an elongated nucleic acid molecule, a nucleic acid addition of a first nucleic acid molecule attached to a first 3′ or 5′ protecting group to a nucleic acid immobilized on a surface produces an intermediate-length immobilized nucleic acid. The first protecting group is dissociated from the first nucleic acid molecule. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Modular platform for tissue integrated cell culture
The systems and methods disclosed herein are generally related to a cell culture system. More particularly, the systems and methods enable the culturing and interconnecting of a plurality of tissue types in a biomimetic environment. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Stretchable, robust and biocompatible hydrogel electronics and devices
A tough biocompatible hydrogel having one or more drug delivery components, deformable conductors, and/or rigid electronic components incorporated therein in such a way that robust interfaces are formed between the hydrogel and the various components. The resulting hydrogel device provides a highly deformable hydrogel composite in which the reliability and functionality of the incorporated components are maintained even under states of large deformation, and from which one or more drugs can be delivered in a controlled and sustained manner regardless of the state of deformation.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Raman signal measuring method and apparatus, and biometric information analyzing apparatus including the raman signal measuring apparatus
Provided are a raman signal measuring method and apparatus which use a difference in a time scale between raman scattered light and fluorescence. Thus, after exciting light is incident upon a target object, light scattered from the target object may be detected before the target object generates fluorescence in response to the exciting light. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Systems and methods for surface retention of fluids
Systems and methods related to the formation of a reaction product on a surface are generally provided. The systems and methods described herein may allow for collection of the retention of a fluid by a surface in a relatively high amount. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Interconnect structures and methods for fabricating interconnect structures
A method of fabricating an interconnect structure includes providing a semiconductor structure and performing a first spin resist and bake cycle. The first spin resist and bake cycle includes applying a first predetermined amount of a resist material over one or more portions of the semiconductor structure and baking the semiconductor structure to form a first resist layer portion of a resist layer. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Dynamic task allocation in an autonomous multi-uav mission
A mechanism for dynamically allocating tasks among multiple uavs operating autonomously during a mission is discussed. Task assignment is adjusted by each uav dynamically during the mission based on criteria related to the individual uav's operational status and/or mission parameters. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Saccharide responsive optical nanosensors
A composition for sensing an analyte can include a photoluminescent nanostructure (e.g. A carbon nanotube) complexed to a sensing polymer, where the sensing polymer includes a phenylboronic acid based polymer non-covalently bound to the photoluminescent nanostructure where the composition is capable of selectively binding the analyte, and the composition undergoes a substantial conformational change when binding the analyte. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Fluid analysis using digital imagery
A system for analyzing fluid includes a housing having first and second opposing surfaces spaced to form a fluid chamber, a light source disposed to direct light at the first surface of the housing; and a digital imaging circuit disposed to detect light at the second surface of the housing. The digital imaging circuit includes a pixel array configured to capture one or more digital images of an illuminated fluid. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Rapid assembly of multiple arbitrary length dna fragments
Aspects herein relate to composition, and related methods, for isolating and assembling dna molecules without intermediate cloning steps.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Dynamic knockdown of central metabolism for redirecting glucose-6-phosphate fluxes
Described herein are methods for dynamic redirection of metabolic flux in a cell from central metabolism towards production of heterologous products.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Complexes comprising a platinum compound and an immune checkpoint inhibitor and related methods
Complexes comprising a platinum compound and an immune checkpoint inhibitor, and related methods, are generally provided. In some embodiments, the immune checkpoint inhibitor is an inhibitor for indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Noble metal monolayer shell coatings on transition metal ceramic nanoparticle cores
Nanoparticles comprising a core including transition metal carbide, nitride, phosphide, sulfide, or boride and a noble metal shell can be made by transforming metal oxide core/noble metal shell materials coated in a ceramic material in a controlled environment. The noble metal shell can be a single monolayer. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Compositions and methods for preventing and treating organ injury and/or dysfunction
The present embodiments relate to compositions and methods for treating the inflammatory response in a tissue or organ, such as the liver, by contacting the tissue with a tissue-specific gap junction inhibitor; and compositions and methods of reducing the toxicity of an agent by administering a gap junction inhibitor either simultaneously or sequentially with exposure to the agent. For example, inhibition of the liver-specific gap junction connexin 32 by 2-aminoethyoxydiphenyl-borate, effectively treats and/or prevents hepatotoxicity.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods and apparatus for detecting hand-to-mouth behavior
A sensor system detects hand-to-mouth behavior. The system includes an electrical bio-impedance spectrometer and an inertial measurement unit. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Light emitting device including semiconductor nanocrystals
A light emitting device includes a semiconductor nanocrystal and a charge transporting layer that includes an inorganic material. The charge transporting layer can be a hole or electron transporting layer. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Systems and methods for medical image segmentation and analysis
The present disclosure includes systems, methods, and computer-readable medium for monitoring and analyzing skin lesions. A sequence of images are be received, and color correction, contour detection, and feature detection are performed on the images. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
System and method for discriminating between origins of vibrations in an object and determination of contact between blunt bodies traveling in a medium
A system and method for accurately detecting contact between two objects in a medium comprises at least one sensor for detecting vibration of a first of the two objects and a central processing unit (cpu) for receiving an output of the at least one sensor, wherein the cpu performs the steps: converting the output of the sensor into digital form; during a calibration phase, changing the data from time domain to frequency domain; and during the calibration phase, determining a first frequency range associated with actual contact between the two objects, and a second frequency range associated with a false positive contact between the two objects. A signal processor is provided for filtering all data except that which falls within the first frequency range so as to confirm actual contact between the objects.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Microbial production of renewable glycolate
Some aspects provide engineered microbes for glycolate production. Methods for microbe engineering and culturing are also provided herein. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods and compositions for increased safety of stem cell-derived populations
The invention provides methods and compositions relating to differentiated cell populations that derive from pluripotent stem cells. The methods relate to reducing the number of residual stem cells present in such populations. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Actuatable assemblies fabricatable by deposition of solidifying and non-solidifying materials
Actuatable assemblies fabricated by deposition of solidifying and non-solidifying materials are described herein. The actuable assemblies can be formed by co-deposition of a solidifying material and a non-solidifying material.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Cognitive radio method and apparatus for achieving ad hoc interference multiple access wireless communication
In a radio network having a plurality of first users on channel (fuocs) and one or more second users on channel (suocs), a method and apparatus for a suoc to select a channel to co-occupy based upon a “selfish” goal of achieving a desired suoc rate and an “altruistic” goal of causing low-impact on the fuoc. A suoc collects signal parameters for a plurality of fuocs, orders the fuocs based upon different criteria, and attempts to co-exist with fuocs until a suitable fuoc channel is found.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Packet header randomization
A system and method for the randomization of packet headers is disclosed. A controller is used to provide random values, also referred to as nonces, that replace the source and destination addresses that typically appear in a packet header. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Simultaneous oscillation and frequency tracking of multiple resonances via digitally implemented phase-locked loop array
Systems and methods for controlling one or more mechanical resonators and determining information from resonant shift of the reonator(s) behavior, including at least one mechanical resonator, an excitation element for driving the resonator(s), a sensor for monitoring the motion of the resonator(s), at least one phase locked loop (pll) in feedback between the excitation and monitoring elements, wherein each pll is configured to operate at or near a different resonant mode of the resonator(s), and a processor for determining information from pll internal signals indicative of a resonator frequency shift.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Nanowire fet imaging system and related techniques
A sensor comprises a substrate; an array of nanowire field effect transistors (nwfets) formed in said substrate, each of the nwfets having source, drain and gate terminals; a nanowire coupled between the source terminal and the drain terminal of each nwfet; and a layer of radiation sensitive material disposed over said nwfets and said nanowires with each of the source, drain and gate terminals configured to be coupled to respective ones of first, second or third reference potentials, wherein each nwfet is configured such that the conductivity between the source and drain changes in response to radiation absorbed in the layer of radiation sensitive material such that the sensor generates an output signal in response to radiation absorbed by the radiation sensitive material.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Vegf-a-binding proteins and her2-binding proteins with enhanced stability against aggregation
The present disclosure provides vegf-a-binding proteins and her-2-binding proteins having a reduced tendency to aggregate. Compositions and methods of use are also provided.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Electrochemical devices or systems comprising redox-functionalized electrodes and uses thereof
Various aspects described herein relate to electrochemical devices, e.g., for separation of one or more target organic or inorganic molecules (e.g., charged or neutral molecules) from solution, and methods of using the same. In particular embodiments, the electrochemical devices and methods described herein involve at least one redox-functionalized electrode, wherein the electrode comprises an immobilized redox-species that is selective toward a target molecule (e.g., charged molecule such as ion or neutral molecule). ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Electrochemical process for gas separation
The present disclosure generally relates to apparatuses, systems, and methods for separating a target species (e.g., co2) from a gas mixture (e.g., gas stream) via an electrochemical process.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods and systems for pre-symptomatic detection of exposure to an agent
Systems and methods are disclosed herein for predicting whether a patient has been exposed to an agent. Physiological data is recorded from the patient during a first time interval, and one or more features are extracted from the physiological data. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Method and apparatus for a porous electrospray emitter
An ionic liquid ion source can include a microfabricated body including a base and a tip. The body can be formed of a porous material compatible with at least one of an ionic liquid or room-temperature molten salt. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Delivery, engineering and optimization of systems, methods and compositions for sequence manipulation and therapeutic applications
The invention provides for delivery, engineering and optimization of systems, methods, and compositions for manipulation of sequences and/or activities of target sequences. Provided are delivery systems and tissues or organ which are targeted as sites for delivery. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods and apparatus for computer-assisted spray foam fabrication
In exemplary implementations of this invention, a nozzle sprays foam, layer by layer, to fabricate a fabricated object according to a cad model, and a subtractive fabrication tool removes material from the fabricated object according to a cad model. The fabricated object comprises a mold or an interior form. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods and apparatus for computer-assisted spray foam fabrication
In exemplary implementations of this invention, a nozzle sprays foam, layer by layer, to fabricate a fabricated object according to a cad model, and a subtractive fabrication tool removes material from the fabricated object according to a cad model. The fabricated object comprises a mold or an interior form. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Hydrogel composites, compositions, and methods
Provided herein are methods for treating, adhering, or sealing biological tissue with a material, such as a hydrogel, that may include phyllosilicate nanoplatelets. The phyllosilicate nanoplatelets can have a high aspect ratio, a low aspect ratio, or be a mixture of high aspect ratio and low aspect ratio nanoplatelets. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Gel-electrospinning process for preparing high-performance polymer nanofibers
Disclosed are methods of forming a plurality of fibers, and nanofibers produced from such a method.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Interconnect structures for fine pitch assembly of semiconductor structures
A semiconductor structure includes a substrate having first and second opposing surfaces and a plurality of electrical connections extending between the first and second surfaces. The semiconductor structure also includes one or more interconnect pads having first and second opposing surfaces and one or more sides. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Biological state machines
Provided herein are recombinase-based frameworks for building state machines in vitro and in vivo by using chemically controlled dna excision and inversion operations to encode state in dna sequence.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Nonlinear system identification techniques and devices for discovering dynamic and static tissue properties
A device for measuring a mechanical property of a tissue includes a probe configured to perturb the tissue with movement relative to a surface of the tissue, an actuator coupled to the probe to move the probe, a detector configured to measure a response of the tissue to the perturbation, and a controller coupled to the actuator and the detector. The controller drives the actuator using a stochastic sequence and determines the mechanical property of the tissue using the measured response received from the detector. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Interconnect structures for assembly of multi-layer semiconductor devices
A multi-layer semiconductor device includes a first semiconductor structure having first and second opposing surfaces, the second surface of the first semiconductor structure having at least a first semiconductor package pitch. The multi-layer semiconductor device also includes a second semiconductor structure having first and second opposing surfaces, the first surface of the second semiconductor structure having a second semiconductor package pitch. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Anti-dengue virus antibodies and uses thereof
The present invention provides, among other things, antibody agents (e.g., antibodies, and/or antigen-binding fragments thereof) that bind to dv epitopes, as well as compositions containing them and methods of designing, providing, formulating, using, identifying and/or characterizing them. In some embodiments, provided antibody agents show significant binding to a plurality of dv serotypes. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Protein retention expansion microscopy
The invention provides a method termed protein retention exm (proexm), in which proteins, rather than labels, are anchored to the swellable gel, using a cross-linking molecule. This proexm strategy can be used to perform nanoscale imaging of immunostained cells and tissues as well as samples expressing various fps as fluorescent signals from genetically encoded fluorescent proteins and/or conventional fluorescently labeled secondary antibodies and streptavidin that are directly anchored to the gel are preserved even when subjected to the nonspecific proteolytic digestion.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Apparatus and method for supporting a human body using supernumerary artificial limbs
An apparatus includes at least one supernumerary artificial limb and a base structure configured to couple with a human body. The base structure includes a sensor that obtains a measurement regarding load of the human body. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Distributed airborne beamforming system
A distributed beamforming communication system including independent aerial nodes forming an antenna array is described. Described herein is a distributed beamforming array which utilizes independent aerial relay nodes or platforms (i.e. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Voltage regulation of device functional properties
Systems, methods, and apparatus are provided for tuning a functional property of a device. The device (210) includes a layer of a dielectric material (214) disposed over and forming an interface (216) with a layer of an electrically conductive target material (222). ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Fuse-protected electronic photodiode array
There is provided a photodiode array including a semiconducting substrate and a plurality of photodiodes that are disposed at a surface of the substrate. Each photodiode is laterally spaced apart from neighboring photodiodes by a lateral substrate surface region. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Motion tracking via body radio reflections
A motion tracking system makes use of a number antennas to transmit and receive radio frequency signals that are reflected from objects (e.g., people) in the environment of the system, which may include one or more rooms of a building, the interior of a vehicle, etc., and may be partitioned, for example, walls or cloth sheets. In general, the objects in the environment include both fixed objects, such as chairs, walls, etc., as well as moving objects, such as but not limited to people. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Low cost parabolic cylindrical trough for concentrated solar power
Reflectors for solar concentration and methods for formation thereof. A reflective assembly (1340) may include a plurality of elongate panels (370) forming a continuous trough (1330), and a frame (1230) configured to support the panels, with the frame with attached panels defining a parabolic contour on the top side of the trough.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Survival assays for metakaryotic stem cells
Methods of evaluating agents for metakaryocidal and metakaryostatic activity in cell culture, explants and subjects are disclosed.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Three-dimensional nanofabrication by patterning of hydrogels
The present invention enables three-dimensional nanofabrication by isotropic shrinking of patterned hydrogels. A hydrogel is first expanded, the rate of expansion being controlled by the concentration of the crosslinker. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Solid phase peptide synthesis methods and associated systems
Methods and system for solid phase peptide synthesis are provided. Solid phase peptide synthesis is a known process in which amino acid residues are added to peptides that have been immobilized on a solid support. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods and systems for solid phase peptide synthesis
Methods and systems for control of solid phase peptide synthesis are generally described. Control of solid phase peptide synthesis involves the use of feedback from one or more reactions and/or processes (e.g., reagent removal) taking place in the solid phase peptide synthesis system. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods and apparatus for additive manufacturing of glass
In illustrative implementations of this invention, a crucible kiln heats glass such that the glass becomes or remains molten. A nozzle extrudes the molten glass while one or more actuators actuate movements of the nozzle, a build platform or both. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Cell surface coupling of nanoparticles
The present disclosure is directed, in some embodiments, to methods and compositions of comprising a cell having a non-internalizing receptor, and a nanoparticle surface-modified with a ligand that binds to the non-internalizing receptor.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Metakaryocidal treatments
The invention provides, inter alia, methods of treating a disorder characterized by excessive metakaryotic stem cell growth by a combination metakaryocidal therapy. Also encompassed by the present invention are preventative methods comprising the administration of a metakaryocidal or metakayrostatic therapeutic agent.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Catheter device for transmitting and reflecting light
An insertable light-dispensing catheter device, comprising a shaft including a proximal and distal end, a light guide extending through the shaft, and a mirror displaceably extendable from the catheter into a position where the mirror receives and reflects light emitted from the light guide. The mirror can be in the form of a coating on an inflatable balloon; and the balloon, when inflated, can press a patch against a defect (e.g., a ventricular septical defect), while the light cures an adhesive that binds the patch to the structure with the defect, thereby remedying the defect.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Object tracking via radio reflections
In one aspect, a reference transmit signal is distributed to each of one or more transmit antennas, and delayed by multiple different times before transmission from the transmit antennas. The reference transmit signal (or a delayed version of the reference signal) is also used at each of the receive antennas to determine propagation (time of flight) times reflecting from bodies from each of the transmit antennas to the receive antenna. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Compositions and methods comprising conductive metal organic frameworks and uses thereof
Compositions and methods comprising metal organic frameworks (mofs) and related uses are generally provided. In some embodiments, a mof comprises a plurality of metal ions, each coordinated with at least one ligand comprising at least two sets of ortho-diimine groups arranged about an organic core.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Suprametallogels and uses thereof
The disclosure provides nanostructures (e.g., nanospheres and nano-paddlewheels) formed through transition metal-ligand (e.g., pd(ii)-, ni(ii)-, or fe(ii)-ligand of formula (a)) coordination and junction self-assembly. The disclosure also provides supramolecular complexes that include the nanostructures connected by divalent linkers y. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Layered medium for three-dimensional imaging
The attenuation and other optical properties of a medium are exploited to measure a thickness of the medium between a sensor and a target surface. Disclosed herein are various mediums, arrangements of hardware, and processing techniques that can be used to capture these thickness measurements and obtain three-dimensional images of the target surface in a variety of imaging contexts. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Digital transmitter
An equalizer provided in a digital transmitter compensates for attenuation in a signal channel to a digital receiver. The equalizer generates signal levels as a logical function of bit history to emphasize transition signal levels relative to repeated signal levels. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Metallic dielectric photonic crystals and methods of fabrication
A metallic-dielectric photonic crystal is formed with a periodic structure defining a plurality of resonant cavities to selectively absorb incident radiation. A metal layer is deposited on the inner surfaces of the resonant cavities and a dielectric material fills inside the resonant cavities. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Nanoscale imaging of proteins and nucleic acids via expansion microscopy
The invention enables in situ genomic and transcriptomic assessment of nucleic acids to be conducted in biological specimens that have been physically expanded. The invention leverages the techniques for expansion microscopy (exm) to provide new methods for in situ genomic and transcriptomic assessment of nucleic in a new process referred to herein as “expansion fluorescent in situ hybridization” (exfish).. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Ion concentration polarization-electrocoagulation hybrid water treatment system
Between two juxtaposed similar ion exchange membranes (aems or cems), an ion depletion zone and ion enrichment zone are generated under an electric field. As cations are selectively transferred through the cems, for example, anions are relocated in order to achieve electro-neutrality, resulting in the concentration drop (increase) in ion depletion (enrichment) zone. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Atherofluidics-on-chip
Endothelial cells can become susceptible to disease when subjected to disturbed (atheroprone) blood flow patterns, which naturally occur in known locations in human arteries. Atheroprone flow is non-laminar, with low fluid shear stress magnitude and an oscillatory pattern representative in the temporal signature. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Injection methods using a servo-controlled needle-free injector
A method for injecting a substance through a biological body surface includes providing a needle-free transdermal transport device configured to inject the substance through the surface. The substance is injected into the biological body with the transport device while a parameter of the injection is sensed and a servo-controller is used to dynamically adjust at least one injection characteristic based on the sensed parameter. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Systems and methods for tissue stiffness measurements
Automated tissue stiffness measurement devices and methods can identify cancerous lesions with high sensitivity and specificity. Systems and methods are presented to measure tissue stiffness using applied force, illumination and imaging techniques. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Combined intensity and coherent change detection in images
Described embodiments detect changes in a scene over time using first and second images of the scene. A non-coherent intensity change detector detects large-scale changes between the first image and the second image and generates a large-scale change value for pairs of corresponding pixel locations in the first and second images. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Genetically engineered sensors for in vivo detection of bleeding
Provided herein are microorganisms engineered with heme-responsive transcription factors and genetic circuits. Also provided are methods for using engineered microorganisms to sense bleeding events and treat bleeding in vivo.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Continuous process for the production of nanostructures including nanotubes
The present invention provides methods for uniform growth of nanostructures such as nanotubes (e.g., carbon nanotubes) on the surface of a substrate, wherein the long axes of the nanostructures may be substantially aligned. The nanostructures may be further processed for use in various applications, such as composite materials. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Pharmaceutical cold box with central ice or cold pack chamber
Cold box. The cold box includes an enclosure comprising insulating walls having a first selected r value per surface area defining an interior space. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Systems, apparatus, and methods related to modeling, monitoring, and/or managing metabolism
Systems, apparatus, and methods related to modeling, monitoring, and/or managing metabolism of a subject include measuring a respiratory quotient (rq) level in a subject and/or optimizing and executing a nonlinear feedback model to model energy substrate utilization in the subject based on at least one of a macronutrient composition and caloric value of food consumed by the subject, an intensity and duration of activity by the subject, a rate and maximum capacity of glycogen storage in the subject, a rate and maximum capacity of de novo lipogenesis in the subject, a quality and duration of sleep by the subject, and/or an rq level in the subject.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Low-delay packet erasure coding
Provided is a method for correcting errors in a data transmission network, comprising: transmitting a plurality of uncoded information packets across a network path; transmitting a plurality of coded packets for recovering information packets lost in transmission across said network path, the coded packets being temporally interspersed among said uncoded information packets, wherein the coded packets are encoded based on information packets transmitted prior to a previously transmitted coded packet; and determining the interspersion of the coded packets according to a packet loss rate.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Planar mixed-metal perovskites for optoelectronic applications
A planar mixed-metal perovskite solar cell can exhibit many favorable properties including high efficiencies and tunable electronic properties. The incorporation of different metal species (i.e. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Assessing disorders through speech and a computation model
In a system and method for assessing the condition of a subject, control parameters are derived from a neurophysiological computational model that operates on features extracted from a speech signal. The control parameters are used as biomarkers (indicators) of the subject's condition. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Polymeric materials for bio-applications
A composition comprising a biodegradable polymeric material and therapeutic agent associated with the polymeric material that advantageously can provide controlled release of the therapeutic agent, while comprising little to no auxiliary materials. In some embodiments, the composition is formed by the reaction of one or more monomers in the presence of a food grade catalyst. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Re-dispersible dry graphene powder
A re-dispersible, dry graphene powder can be formed by producing a solution of graphene sheets in solvent, adding surfactant to the solution, and then drying the solution to produce dry graphene sheets coated with surfactant.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Thermoreversible hydrogels from the arrested phase separation of elastin-like polypeptides
Disclosed are elastin-like polypeptides (elps) that form hydrogels upon heating. Hydrogels comprising the polypeptides have mechanical properties, including elastic modulus and fracture toughness, required for load-bearing applications.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Translocation of non-natural chemical entities through anthrax protective antigen pore
Disclosed is a new approach for delivering compounds and drugs to the cytosol of living cells through the use of engineered protein transporters. The engineered protein transporters include a pore and a pore specific delivery protein, wherein a reagent such as a drug is attached to one or more of the engineered protein transporters.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Lipid vesicle compositions and methods of use
The invention provides delivery systems comprised of stabilized multilamellar vesicles, as well as compositions, methods of synthesis, and methods of use thereof. The stabilized multilamellar vesicles comprise terminal-cysteine-bearing antigens or cysteine-modified antigens, at their surface and/or internally.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Molecular activators of the wnt/beta-catenin pathway
The present invention is directed toward a method of treating a subject for a condition mediated by aberrant wnt/β-catenin signaling by selecting a subject with a condition mediated by aberrant wnt/β-catenin signaling and administering to the selected subject a compound selected from the group consisting of those set forth in table 1, table 2, and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. A method of similarly modulating the wnt/β-catenin pathway in a subject is also discussed.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Model-based neuromechanical controller for a robotic leg
A model-based neuromechanical controller for a robotic limb having at least one joint includes a finite state machine configured to receive feedback data relating to the state of the robotic limb and to determine the state of the robotic limb, a muscle model processor configured to receive state information from the finite state machine and, using muscle geometry and reflex architecture information and a neuromuscular model, to determine at least one desired joint torque or stiffness command to be sent to the robotic limb, and a joint command processor configured to command the biomimetic torques and stiffnesses determined by the muscle model processor at the robotic limb joint. The feedback data is preferably provided by at least one sensor mounted at each joint of the robotic limb. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Multi-link modular continuum robotic endoscope system
Robotic endoscopes have the potential to help endoscopists position tools during procedures, to propel the endoscope to the desired position, to automate functions and to prevent perforations during procedures. Modular architecture for a continuum robotic endoscope with multiple bending segments along the length of the endoscope. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Sulfide barrier coating or solid electrolyte
Provided is a lithium-conductive solid-state electrolyte material that comprises a sulfide compound of a composition that does not deviate substantially from a formula of li9s3n. The compound's conductivity is greater than about 1×10−7 s/cm at about 25° c. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Molecularly tunable heterogeneous catalysts by edge functionalization of graphitic carbons
Disclosed are surface immobilized (electro)catalysts that may be prepared by a condensation reaction that generates an aromatic unit that is robust to acid and base and elevated temperatures. Among their many desirable characteristics, the catalysts are far less prone to the bimolecular deactivation pathways commonly observed for homogeneous catalysts, and may be used in solvents with a range of polarities and dielectric strengths. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Red-shifted opsin molecules and uses thereof
Compositions and methods for altering cell activity and function by expressing a light-activated ion pump polypeptide in a cell and contacting the cell with light that activates the expressed light-activated ion pump polypeptide. In some aspects of the invention, a light-activated ion pump polypeptide is a modified haloarcula halorhodopsin polypeptide, for example, a modified halo 57 polypeptide.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Digital material assembly by passive means and modular isotropic lattice extruder system (miles)
A set of machines and related systems build structures by the additive assembly of discrete parts. These digital material assemblies constrain the constituent parts to a discrete set of possible positions and orientations. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Self-assembling assemblers
A machine that is capable of assembling a copy of itself from a feedstock of parts is described. The machine operates on a lattice or grid on which it is able to move and from which it receives power and control signals. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Grafted polymer surfaces for dropwise condensation, and associated methods of use and manufacture
Presented herein are articles and methods featuring substrates with thin, uniform polymeric films grafted (e.g., covalently bonded) thereupon. The resulting coating provides significant reductions in thermal resistance, drop shedding size, and degradation rate during dropwise condensation of steam compared to existing coatings. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Multi-phase oscillatory flow reactor
According to some aspects, described herein is an automated droplet-based reactor that utilizes oscillatory motion of a droplet in a tubular reactor under inert atmosphere. In some cases, such a reactor may address current shortcomings of continuous multi-phase flow platforms.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Block copolymer complex coacervate core micelles for enzymatic catalysis in organic solvent
Disclosed are complex coacervate core micelles comprising an enzyme capable of hydrolyzing organophosphorus compounds, such as nerve agents, and, for example, their use in remediation or decontamination of stockpiles of chemical weapons.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Targeted nanoparticle compositions and methods of their use to treat obesity
Nanoparticles having a positive feedback delivery system include an agent specific for a target in combination with a target inducing agent. Upon administration to a subject, the targeting moiety on the nanoparticles binds to available targets in the subject. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Tissue collection needle
A tissue collection needle with a hollow interior provides two opposing tips with beveled edges on facets that drive tissue toward the hollow interior where the tissue can be gathered and severed from surrounding tissue as the needle advances through a biological specimen. The points and bevels are advantageously formed from a minimal number of cuts amenable to rapid fabrication from readily available hollow needle stock.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Method for cross-diagnostic identification and treatment of neurologic features underpinning mental and emotional disorders
A system and method for diagnosing mental or emotional disorders is disclosed. An affective bci component is incorporated into a closed loop, symptom—responsive psychiatric dbs system. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Feedback method and wearable device to monitor and modulate knee adduction moment
Knee adduction moment of an untethered human during gait is modulated by determining at least one feature associated with instantaneous knee adduction moment of the untethered human during a gait cycle. Feedback to be transmitted to the human is, optionally, derived from the feature, such as by comparing the at least one feature to a value, such as a target value. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Vital signs monitoring via radio reflections
A method for monitoring periodic motions of one or more subjects uses signal reflections from the subjects. The method includes emitting a transmitted signal from a transmitting antenna and receiving a received signal at one or more receiving antennas. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
System and apparatus for decoding tree-based messages
. . A system and techniques for decoding a message received over a communication channel comprises a receiver for receiving an encoded message. A sorting module is configured to organize candidate messages into a number of bins, sort the candidate messages within each bin, and output a group of candidate messages, the group comprising a number of most likely candidate messages from each message bin. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Homopolar, flux-biased hysteresis bearingless motor
Described is a bearingless motor based upon a homopolar flux-biased magnetic bearing for force generation and a hysteresis motor for torque generation. The bearingless slice motor levitates and rotates a ring-shaped rotor made of a semi-hard magnetic material. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Efficiency maximization for device-to-device wireless charging
Described is a receiver for improving end-to-end efficiency in a device-to-device wireless charging system using resonant energy transfer through an inductive link. The receiver includes an efficiency controller which dynamically tracks a maximum efficiency point and controls an impedance between an inductive coupling of the receiver and a receiver rectifier circuit such that an impedance seen by the inductive coupling is an impedance which maximizes (or nearly maximizes) efficiency of the inductively coupled wireless power transfer operation.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Printed circuit board assembly with foam dielectric material
An assembly that includes a printed circuit board and a foam dielectric material, and a method of fabricating the assembly is disclosed. The assembly includes at least one layer of a foam dielectric material, which has properties similar to those of air. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Photodiode placement for cross talk suppression
There is provided a photodiode array. The photodiode array includes a substrate that has an optical interface surface arranged for accepting external input radiation into the substrate. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Multi-layer semiconductor devices fabricated using a combination of substrate and via structures and fabrication techniques
A multi-layer semiconductor device includes two or more semiconductor sections, each of the semiconductor sections including at least at least one device layer having first and second opposing surfaces and a plurality of electrical connections extending between the first and second surfaces. The electrical connections correspond to first conductive structures. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Localized solar collectors
A localized heating structure includes a spectrally-selective solar absorber, that absorbs incident solar radiation and reflects at wavelengths longer than 2 μm, with an underlying heat-spreading layer having a thermal conductivity equal to or greater than 50 w/(mk), a thermally insulating layer, adjacent to the spectrally-selective solar absorber, having a thermal conductivity of less than 0.1 w/(mk), one or more evaporation openings through the spectrally-selective solar absorber and the thermally insulating layer, and an evaporation wick, disposed in one or more of the evaporation openings in the thermally insulating layer, that contacts liquid and allows the liquid to be transported from a location beneath the thermally insulating layer through to the spectrally-selective solar absorber in order to generate vapor from the liquid. The thermally insulating layer is configured to have a density less than the liquid so that the localized heating structure is able to float on the liquid.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Two-phase gripper to reorient and grasp
Two-phase gripper. The gripper reorients and grasps an object while being picked up, the gripper includes a parallel jaw gripper including a pair of opposed, two-phase fingers, each finger including a cavity covered by an elastic strip wherein the elastic strip includes a point contact. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Printed circuit board assembly with air dielectric
An assembly that includes a printed circuit board having an air gap, and a method of fabricating the assembly is disclosed. The assembly includes at least one air gap. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Characterization and directed evolution of a methyl binding domain protein for high-sensitivity dna methylation analysis
This present invention provides high affinity variants of human methyl binding domain 2 (hmbd2), and nucleic acids encoding the variants, capable of recognizing and/or binding to methylated dna. In particular, the hmbd2 variants of the invention recognize and/or bind a dna sequence with single methylated cpg site with high affinity. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
High molecular weight, post-translationally modified protein brushes
Disclosed are protein brushes that mimic mucin in physical and functional characteristics. The protein brushes have a variable number of tandem repeats similar to natural mucin and are modified at a number of their tyrosine residues to introduce brush substituents that mimic the hydrogel nature of mucin.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Systems and methods for a short wave infrared device
Systems and methods for a short wave infrared (swir) otoscope device are provided. The swir otoscope device can capture images of a patient's middle ear to aid in diagnosing one of a plurality of maladies. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Devices and methods for optically multiplexed imaging
Devices and methods for multiplexed imaging are provided. In one embodiment, an imaging device can simultaneously direct light of a same spectrum from each of a plurality of image channels onto an image sensor to create a multiplexed image on the sensor. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods for quantum key distribution and related devices
A method for distributing a quantum digital key is described. The method comprises the use of an optical broadband source to generate an optical broadband signal. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Physical layer encryption using out-phased array linearized signaling
Systems and techniques for physical layer encryption (ple) using beamforming. The techniques are based on the principles of linear amplification with nonlinear components (linc) to produce a transmit signal with limited dynamic range. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Solid electrolyte and/or electroactive material
Solid electrolyte materials as well as their applications and methods of manufacture are disclosed. In one embodiment, a solid electrolyte material has a formula of a3+δcl1−δbδo, where δ is greater than 0. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Functionalized triptycene polymers and their uses
Embodiments described herein relate to compositions including iptycene-based structures. Some embodiments provide compositions including polymers having a backbone comprising an iptycene-based compound. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Systems and methods for unipolar separation of emulsions and other mixtures
Embodiments discussed herein relate to systems and methods for separating two or more phases of an emulsion or other mixture. The methods include providing the mixture with a net and unipolar charge (e.g., such that adjacent droplets therein acquire net and unipolar charges), thereby enhancing coalescence of like-phase droplets therein and producing, or enhancing the production of, two or more consolidated phases; and collecting the two or more consolidated phases.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Multifunctional cnt-engineered structures
Various applications for structured cnt-engineered materials are disclosed herein. In one application, systems are disclosed, wherein a structured cnt-engineered material forms at least part of an object capable of providing its own structural feedback. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Enhancement of video-rate fluorescence imagery collected in the second near-infrared optical window
System and method configured to operate under conditions when the object being imaged destroys or negates the information which otherwise allows the user to take advantage of optical parallax, configured to elicit luminescence from the same targets in the object as a result of irradiation of these targets with pump light at different, respectively corresponding wavelengths, and acquire optical data from so-illuminated targets through the very same optical path to image the object at different wavelengths. One embodiment enables acquisition, by the same optical detector and from the same object, of imaging data that includes a reflectance image and multiple fluorescence-based images caused by light at different wavelengths, to assess difference in depths of locations of targets within the object.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods for in vivo genome editing
Methods of transfecting cells in vivo, by administering an injectable pharmaceutical composition including a genome editing composition and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier to a subject by hydrodynamic injection into a vessel of the subject are disclosed. Typically, the pharmaceutical composition is administered in a volume and at rate of injection suitable to transfect target eukaryotic cells in the subject with an effective amount of the genome editing composition to alter the genome of the target cells. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Engineered band gaps
An optoelectronic device as well as its methods of use and manufacture are disclosed. In one embodiment, an optoelectronic device includes first and second semiconducting atomically thin layers with corresponding first and second lattice directions. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Multi-effect membrane distillation
A multi-effect membrane distillation system includes first and second membrane distillation effects. Each effect (stage) includes a feed channel, a gap, and a vapor-permeable membrane separating the feed channel from the gap. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Grid arrays with enhanced fatigue life
Reliability is improved for the mechanical electrical connection formed between a grid array device, such as a pin grid array device (pga) or a column grid array device (cga), and a substrate such as a printed circuit board (pcb). Between adjacent pcb pads, a spacing pattern increases toward the periphery of the cga, creating a misalignment between pads and columns. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Concentrated solar power system receiver
Systems and methods for concentrating and storing solar energy are provided. A solar energy receiver for use with the systems and methods may include a container for holding a solar absorption material, such as a phase change material, and a cooled cover disposed above the container for condensing and collecting vaporized phase change material collected along an underside of the cover.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Serotonin 2c receptor antagonists to prevent and treat stress-related trauma disorders
The invention relates to methods for preventing stress-associated disorders. These disorders may be treated with a serotonin 2c receptor (5-ht2cr) antagonist prior to, during, or following a stress-related event. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Optical cryptography for high speed coherent systems
A pseudo-random cipher stream is used to band-spread an optical carrier signal with coded data. A legitimate receiver uses an agreed-upon key to modulate its local oscillator and a resulting beat signal uncovers the band-spread signal. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Direction sensitive neutron detector
A neutron detector includes a pressure vessel, an electrically conductive field cage assembly within the pressure vessel and an imaging subsystem. A pressurized gas mixture of cf4, 3he and 4he at respective partial pressures is used. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Preparation of nanorods
A method of preparing a core-shell nanorod can include growing a shell of a core-shell nanorod (m1x1)m2x2 in a solution through a slow-injection of m2 precursor solution and x2 precursor solution, wherein the core-shell nanorod includes a m1x1 core.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Receptor-targeted nanoparticles for enhanced transcytosis mediated drug delivery
Receptor-targeted nanoparticles (r-nps) are provided for selective transport into and through targeted tissues of therapeutic, prophylactic and diagnostic agents. R-nps can include polymeric particle, lipid particles, inorganic particles, or a combination thereof with a targeting moiety selective for binding to a receptor on the cells where the agent is to be delivered, where the receptor mediates transcytosis of the nanoparticle into and through the cells. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Nanostructured gels capable of controlled release of entrapped agents
Self-assembled gel compositions including a gelator, e.g., an enzyme-cleavable gelator, e.g., having a molecular weight of 2500 or less, are described. The self-assembled gel compositions can encapsulate one or more agents. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
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