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Massachusetts Institute Of Technology patents (2018 archive)
Recent patent applications related to Massachusetts Institute Of Technology. Massachusetts Institute Of Technology is listed as an Agent/Assignee. Note: Massachusetts Institute Of Technology may have other listings under different names/spellings. We're not affiliated with Massachusetts Institute Of Technology, we're just tracking patents.
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A cognitive coexistence radio utilizes message fractionation and physical layer channel assignment to achieve co-existence communications in the presence of interferers. A transmit signal is split into a plurality of streams for transmission in occupied channels according to power allocation and modulation scheme. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Method of manufacturing a substrate with reduced threading dislocation density
A method of manufacturing a substrate with reduced threading dislocation density is disclosed, which comprises: (i) at a first temperature, forming a first layer of wafer material on a semiconductor substrate, the first layer arranged to be doped with a first concentration of at least one dopant that is different to the wafer material; and (ii) at a second temperature higher than the first temperature, forming a second layer of the wafer material on the first layer to obtain the substrate, the second layer arranged to be doped with a progressively decreasing concentration of the dopant during formation, the doping configured to be decreased from the first concentration to a second concentration. The wafer material and dopant are different to silicon. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods and apparatus for wideband localization
A transceiver may wirelessly transmit a communication signal at a first frequency and a sensing signal at a second frequency. The communication signal may include a command that causes a backscatter node to modulate impedance of an antenna, and thereby modulate reflectivity of the backscatter node. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Apparatus, systems, and methods for on-chip spectroscopy using optical switches
A spectrometer includes an interferometer having a first interference arm and a second interference arm to produce interference patterns from incident light. At least one of the interference arms includes a series of cascaded optical switches connected by two (or more) waveguides of different lengths. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods, systems, and apparatus for programmable quantum photonic processing
A programmable photonic integrated circuit implements arbitrary linear optics transformations in the spatial mode basis with high fidelity. Under a realistic fabrication model, we analyze programmed implementations of the cnot gate, cphase gate, iterative phase estimation algorithm, state preparation, and quantum random walks. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
The present disclosure, in various embodiments, discloses hydrothermal methods, hydrothermally modified materials and dried hydrothermally modified materials. Certain dried hydrothermally modified materials can readily releases ionic species such as alkali metal ions (k+, na+), silicate salts, and alkaline earth metal ions (mg2+, ca2+). ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Curved crease honeycombs with tailorable stiffness and dynamic properties
Issues with pleat walled honeycombs are solved by replacing polygonal creases with curved creases. As with a conventional straight-walled honeycomb, these strips can be combined into a space-filling honeycomb structure. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Systems and methods for collecting a species
Systems and methods related to the collection of a species from a gas stream are generally provided. The systems and methods described herein may allow for collection of a species such as a fluid (e.g., water) with a relatively high collection efficiency. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Modular organ microphysiological system with microbiome
Fluidic multiwell bioreactors are provided as a microphysiological platform for in vitro investigation of multi-organ crosstalks with microbiome for an extended period of time of at least weeks and months. The platform has one or more improvements over existing bioreactors, including on-board pumping for pneumatically driven fluid flow, a redesigned spillway for self-leveling from source to sink, a non-contact built-in fluid level sensing device, precise control on fluid flow profile and partitioning, and facile reconfigurations such as daisy chaining and multilayer stacking. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Systems and methods for the fabrication of tablets, including pharmaceutical tablets
Systems and methods for fabricating ingestible pharmaceutical tablets are provided. Certain of the systems and methods described herein are capable of manufacturing tablets of different dosages without the need to fluidically connect or disconnect unit operations when switching from a tablet having a first dosage to a tablet having a second, different dosage. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Learning sleep stages from radio signals
A method for tracking a sleep stage of a subject takes as input a sequence of observations sensed over an observation time period. The sequence of observation values is processed to yield a corresponding sequence of encoded observations using a first artificial neural network (ann) and the sequence of encoded observation values is processed to yield a sequence of sleep stage indicators using a second artificial network. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods and apparatus for mode-locking on-chip lasers
An artificial saturable absorber uses additive pulse mode-locking to enable pulse operation of an on-chip laser operation. Four different artificial saturable absorbers are disclosed. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Electronic device authentication system
A method for determining an authenticity of a configurable electronic device includes configuring the configurable electronic device according to stimulus data, measuring one or more side-effects of operation of the configurable electronic device after configuration of the electronic device to generate representations of the one or more side-effects, processing the representations of the side-effects using a feature extraction module to determine one or more features characterizing the representations of the side-effects, and processing the one or more features characterizing the representations of the side-effects using an authentication module to determine a degree of authenticity of the configurable electronic device.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
An optical interconnect system has first and second waveguides each with wedge-shaped cross-section at a first end, disposed over an optical modulator. The optical modulator is a surface-plasmon multi quantum well (sp-mqw) modulator, the first waveguide an input waveguide and the second waveguide configured an output waveguide. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods and devices for assessing cell properties under controlled gas environments
The invention in some aspects relates to high throughput methods and devices for evaluating mechanical, morphological, kinetic, rheological or hematological properties of cells, such as blood cells under regulated gas conditions. In some aspects, the invention relates to methods and devices for diagnosing and/or characterizing a condition or disease in a subject by measuring a property of a cell from the subject, under controlled gas conditions.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Apparatus, methods, and systems for high-power and narrow-linewidth lasers
A system includes a build-up cavity to locally increase the power of light beams within the build-up cavity, where the light beams interact with samples to sense a substance of interest. The build-up cavity is disposed within a main cavity that includes a gain material to amplify the light beams. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Systems and methods for neural drug delivery and modulation of brain activity
A neural drug delivery system is disclosed. In an embodiment, the system includes two or more microtubes, each having a distal end, a proximal end, and elongate channel body extending therebetween; an electrode having a distal end, a proximal end, and elongate body extending therebetween; an elongate carrying template supporting the microtubes and the electrode in an aligned stack; and an annular needle having a distal end and a proximal end, and housing the carrying template, the microtubes, and the electrode. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Method for detecting circulating cells in superficial body fluids
The present invention relates to a method for measuring circulating cells in superficial body fluids by means of high-frequency-based device. The method can be used for detecting circulating cells in the fluids of an individual without the necessity of extracting a sample of the individual, being useful as a diagnostic tool and for monitoring the effectiveness of a treatment administered to an individual suffering from a viral, protozoal, fungal and/or bacterial disease.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Method of encapsulating a substrate
A method of encapsulating a substrate is disclosed, in which the substrate has at least the following layers: a cmos device layer, a layer of first semiconductor material different to silicon, and a layer of second semiconductor material, the layer of first semiconductor material arranged intermediate the cmos device layer and the layer of second semiconductor material. The method comprises: (i) circumferentially removing a portion of the substrate at the edges; and (ii) depositing a dielectric material on the substrate to replace the portion removed at step (i) for encapsulating at least the cmos device layer and the layer of first semiconductor material. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods and apparatus for multimedia presentation
Closed loop control of a multimedia system may be achieved with a control space that includes at least two control axes. In each control axis, a coordinate on the axis may indicate a degree to which a multimedia scene facilitates or is perceived to facilitate a user state or a degree to which the user state is achieved. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Multilayer genetic safety kill circuits based on single cas9 protein and multiple engineered grna in mammalian cells
Aspects of the disclosure relate to synthetic regulatory systems composed of a multifunctional clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (crispr)-associated (cas) nuclease and at least two distinct guide rnas (grnas). The synthetic regulatory system modulates cleavage and transcription, including repression and activation, in a mammalian cell such as a human cell.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Compositions and methods for treatment of pain
Embodied herein are engineered fusion proteins that bind and target nociceptor neurons, compositions comprising these engineered fusion proteins, and methods for treatment of pain using these engineered fusion proteins or compositions containing the engineered fusion proteins. The engineered fusion proteins contain domains derived from protein toxins such as the anthrax toxin, clostridial botulinum family of toxins, disulphide-containing toxins, and ab component type toxins.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Compositions and methods for olefin polymerization comprising metal organic frameworks
Compositions and methods for selective olefin (e.g., ethylene) polymerization comprising metal organic frameworks (mofs) are generally provided. In some embodiments, a mof comprises a plurality of metal ions, each coordinated with at least one ligand comprising at least two unsaturated n-heterocyclic aromatic groups arranged about an organic core.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Compositions and methods for selective olefin oligomerization comprising metal organic frameworks
Compositions and methods for selective olefin (e.g., ethylene) oligomerization comprising metal organic frameworks (mofs) are generally provided in some embodiments, a mof comprises a plurality of metal ions, each coordinated with at least one ligand comprising at least two unsaturated n-heterocyclic aromatic groups arranged about an organic core.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
System and method for cyber sensing for power outage detection
A method for cyber sensing for power outage detection includes receiving a selected geographic region for detection and monitoring of power outages; gathering internet protocol (ip) network addresses of ip networks within the geographical region; filtering the gathered ip network addresses of ip networks within the geographical region, wherein the gathered ip network addresses of ip networks within the geographical region are referred to herein as geo-relevant ip network addresses; calculating a baseline value for each geo-relevant ip network; scanning the filtered geo-relevant ip network once per predefined time interval, so that each individual ip address within each geo-relevant ip network is tested for response and determining how many devices within the geo-relevant ip network positively respond to the testing; periodically repeating the step of scanning and comparing scan results; and displaying results of scanning.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Air-breathing aqueous sulfur rechargeable batteries
An electrochemical apparatus includes a catholyte, an anolyte, and a separator disposed between the catholyte and the anolyte. The catholyte includes metal salt dissolved in water, thereby providing at least one metal ion. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Perovskite solar cells including semiconductor nanomaterials
A photovoltaic device can include a first charge transporting layer including a plurality of semiconductor nanocrystals in contact with a first electrode, a second charge transporting layer in contact with a second electrode and an absorber layer including a perovskite material between the first charge transporting layer and the second charge transporting layer. The plurality of semiconductor nanocrystals can include a core and a shell, wherein the core has a first semiconductor material and the shell has a second semiconductor material.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Microfluidic platform for rapid biologics analysis
The invention relates to generally applicable methods and platforms for the assessment of a wide variety of drugs, including biologic drugs. Aspects of the invention further relate to such methods and platforms capable of measuring not only the equilibria but also the kinetics of drug-receptor interactions. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Preparation of templates for methylation analysis
The invention relates to a kit for preparing a library of template polynucleotides suitable for use as templates in solid-phase nucleic acid amplification and sequencing reactions to determine the methylation status of the cytosine bases in the library. In particular, the invention relates to a kit for preparing a library of template polynucleotides suitable for methylation analysis.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Novel full spectrum anti-dengue antibody
The present invention provides, among other things, antibody agents (e.g., antibodies, and/or antigen-binding fragments thereof) that bind to dv epitopes, as well as compositions containing them and methods of designing, providing, formulating, using, identifying and/or characterizing them. In some embodiments, provided antibody agents show significant binding to a plurality of dv serotypes. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Engineered yeast as a method for bioremediation
Metal bioremediation and metal mining strategies can include compositions and methods.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Compositional impedance programming for robots
Described herein are concepts, techniques, and structures for robot control using compositional impedance programming. In one embodiment, a robot control system comprises a plurality of impedance modules, each of the impedance modules defining one or more mechanical impedance parameters and an impedance controller.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Noradrenergic drug treatment of obstructive sleep apnea
Aspects of the disclosure relate to methods for treating disorders using agents for promoting hypoglossal motoneuron excitability. In some instances the disorders include obstructive sleep apnea (osa), cataplexy, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (adhd), attention deficit disorder (add) or depression. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Apparatus and method for motor function characterization
Analysis of keystroke dynamics performed by an individual can be used for assessment and monitoring of the individual's motor function. Keystroke events related to a user pressing one or more keys on a keyboard or regions on a touch screen may be analyzed to identify a plurality of distributions of keystroke event intervals. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods and apparatus for analog relay
A full-duplex analog relay may comprise an analog uplink relay and an analog downlink relay, and may relay signals between a transmitter and a backscatter node. The spectrum of the downlink signal transmitted by the downlink relay may be different than the spectrum of the uplink signal received by the uplink relay. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods and apparatus for controlling electrodeposition using surface charge properties
Surface conduction in porous media can drastically alter the stability and morphology of electrodeposition at high rates, above the diffusion-limited current. Above the limiting current, surface conduction inhibits growth in the positive membrane and produces irregular dendrites, while it enhances growth and suppresses dendrites behind a deionization shock in the negative membrane. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Formation of p-type filled skutterudite by ball-milling and thermo-mechanical processing
A method of manufacturing a thermoelectric material comprising: ball-milling a compound comprising a plurality of components, the first component m comprising at least one of a rare earth metal, an actinide, an alkaline-earth metal, and an alkali metal, the second component t comprising a metal of subgroup viii, and the third component x comprises a pnictogen atom. The compound may be ball-milled for up to 5 hours, and then thermo-mechanically processed by, for example, hot pressing the compound for less than two hours. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Systems and methods for automated microscopy
A method of locating a substrate within a field of view of an imaging system includes acquiring an image of a first marker on a substrate in the field of view. The first marker has a first spatial pattern representing a position of the first marker relative to the substrate. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
System for on-demand high-capacity ride-sharing via dynamic trip-vehicle assignment and related techniques
Described are concepts, systems, devices and techniques for real-time high-capacity ride-sharing that (i) scales to large numbers of passengers and trips and (ii) dynamically generates routes (e.g. Optimal or near optimal routes) in response to online demand and vehicle locations.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Inertial odometry with retroactive sensor calibration
Systems and methods for determining pose parameters of an inertial measurement unit (imu) sensor include collecting measurement data generated by imu sensors, using a processor to temporally integrate the measurement data, including any errors, generating a temporally continuous error propagation model, and temporally integrating the model to generate one or more compensation gradients for said pose parameters.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Compositions with permeation enhancers for drug delivery
The present invention provides compositions and methods for delivery of therapeutic agents across an barrier. The compositions include a therapeutic agent (e.g., antimicrobial agent, antibiotic, or anesthetic agent), a permeation enhancer which increases the flux of the therapeutic agent across the barrier, and a matrix forming agent. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Method for dynamic video magnification
The method for dynamic video magnification magnifies small motions occurring simultaneously within large motions. The method involves selecting a region of interest from a video for magnification. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
On-demand high-capacity ride-sharing via dynamic trip-vehicle assignment with future requests
Described is a method and system for vehicle routing and request assignment which incorporates a prediction of future demand. The method seamlessly integrates sampled future requests into request assignments and vehicle routing.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Extending footprint for localization using surface penetrating radar (spr)
A method for extending a surface penetrating radar (spr) footprint for performing localization with an spr system is disclosed. The method may include may include transmitting at least one spr signal from at least one spr transmit element. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Dynamic resonant circuits for chemical and physical sensing with a reader and rfid tags
A tag for detecting an analyte can include a radio frequency identification tag including a sensor portion, the sensor portion configured to change resistivity when the radio frequency identification tag contacts or interacts with an analyte, whereby the resistivity change alters an output of the radio frequency identification tag, wherein the sensor portion includes a circuit, and wherein the sensor portion is configured to activate the circuit or deactivate the circuit when contacted or having interacted with the analyte, where the sensor portion includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes associated with a chemically-degradable polymer. In certain embodiments, the chemically degradable polymer can be a metallo-supramolecular polymer.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods and products related to glutaminase inhibitors
The invention relates to methods and related compositions for enhancing cancer therapy and in particular glutaminase inhibitor therapy. The methods involve methods for identifying patients susceptible to glutaminase inhibitor therapy as well as sensitizing patients to glutaminase inhibitor therapy.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Method and system for localization of a vehicle using surface penetrating radar
A method and a surface penetrating radar (spr) system for localization of a vehicle are disclosed. The method includes transmitting a radar signal having a first frequency into a subsurface region adjacent to a vehicle. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Determining surface characteristics
A method for determining surface characteristics is disclosed. The method may include transmitting a surface penetrating radar (spr) signal towards a surface from a spr system. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Systems and methods for genome mapping
A system for molecular mapping includes a semiconductor substrate defining a reservoir to receive a sample of molecules and a nanofluidic channel in fluid communication with the reservoir. The system also includes a plurality of electrodes, in electrical communication with the nanofluidic channel, to electrophoretically trap the sample of molecules in the nanofluidic channel. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Multiplexed signal amplified fish via splinted ligation amplification and sequencing
The present invention relates to a method for amplifying at least one target rna in a fixed and, optionally, expanded biological sample. In an embodiment of the invention, the method comprises incubating the fixed biological sample with a pair of polynucleotides complementary to non-overlapping and proximal sequences of a target rna, wherein the polynucleotide pair hybridizes to the target rna; ligating the polynucleotide pair using a ligase; and amplifying the ligation product. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Articles and methods providing scale-phobic surfaces
This invention relates generally to articles, devices, and methods for inhibiting or preventing the formation of scale during various industrial processes. In certain embodiments, a vessel is provided for use in an industrial process, the vessel including a surface in contact with a mineral solution, wherein the surface is provided or is modified to have γpolar/γtotal no greater than about 0.2 and/or the surface is provided or is modified to have a surface energy γ no greater than about 32 mj/m2, thereby providing resistance to mineral scale deposits thereupon.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Secure network coding for multi-description wireless transmission
Described herein is a method and system for wireless data transmission with network coding which limits encryption operations to a critical set of network coding coefficients in combination with multi-resolution and/or multi-description video coding. Such a method and system achieves hierarchical fidelity levels, robustness against wireless packet loss and efficient security by exploiting the algebraic structure of network coding.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Surface modified diamond materials and methods of manufacturing
New compositions of matter and device constructs are disclosed in the form of diamond material layers or films having one or more surfaces treated with chemically active radicals, e.g., photo-radical or thermal-radical generators to reduce and stabilize their surface resistance. The compositions exhibit stable, markedly lower surface resistances, e.g., below about 3 kΩ sq−1 or between about 3 and 2 kΩ sq−1 or below 2 kΩ sq−1, or below 1 kΩ sq−1, or lower. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Use of microparticle additives to simultaneously enable artifact-free image registration, auto-focusing, and chromatic aberration correction in microscopy
High-contrast, high-density cell-sized microparticles are introduced into a cell-containing solution prior to the solution being spread onto a planar substrate for imaging. The microparticles facilitate both the process of imager autofocusing and the subsequent registration of multiple images taken of regions of the substrate. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Polymerizable sulfonamide compounds and polymers thereof
Methods, compositions, reagents, and systems that allow for the preparation and utilization of sulfonamide salt polymer electrolytes are disclosed herein. Methods and reagents to prepare sulfonamide salt monomers are also disclosed herein. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Polymers and uses thereof
The present invention provides polymers and methods of preparing the same. In certain embodiments, the polymers comprise acrylate repeating units that have been derivatized (e.g., reduced and/or substituted) to form new polymeric structures. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Energy harvesting footwear
The present disclosure is related to energy-harvesting articles of footwear, and associated components and methods. In some embodiments, an energy-harvesting article of footwear comprises a compressible bladder, a pneumatic motor fluidically connected to the compressible bladder, and an electric generator operatively coupled to the pneumatic motor. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Emissive compounds and related devices
In one aspect, compositions comprising emissive compounds including polycyclic aromatic groups are provided. In some embodiments, the emissive compounds may include various moieties having desirable physical and electronic properties. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
System and method for providing reconstruction of human surfaces from orientation data
A system and method for reconstructing a positional contour of a variably contoured surface includes a plurality of positional sensors and a plurality of orientation sensor disposed upon the surface, a processor and a memory. The system captures a positional description of the surface and produces a rotationally-invariant point cloud, and captures a first absolute orientation description of the surface and produces a first set of relative orientations. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Multifocal imaging systems and method
In the systems and methods of the present invention a multifocal multiphoton imaging system has a signal to noise ratio (snr) that is reduced by over an order of magnitude at imaging depth equal to twice the mean free path scattering length of the specimen. An mmm system based on an area detector such as a multianode photomultiplier tube (mapmt) that is optimized for high-speed tissue imaging. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Optimized fuel management system for direct injection ethanol enhancement of gasoline engines
Fuel management system for enhanced operation of a spark ignition gasoline engine. Injectors inject an anti-knock agent such as ethanol directly into a cylinder. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Delivery of materials to anucleate cells
The current subject matter includes methods, systems, articles, and techniques to deliver material to anucleate cells, such as red blood cells. Using a rapid deformation based microfluidic system, loading of red blood cells with macromolecules of different sizes has been shown. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Method for high-concentration doping of germanium with phosphorous
In a method for electrically doping a semiconducting material, a layer of germanium is formed having a germanium layer thickness, while in situ incorporating phosphorus dopant atoms at a concentration of at least about 5×1018 cm−3 through the thickness of the germanium layer during formation of the germanium layer. Additional phosphorus dopant atoms are ex situ incorporated through the thickness of the germanium layer, after formation of the germanium layer, to produce through the germanium layer thickness a total phosphorus dopant concentration of at least about 2×1019 cm−3.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
High-linearity transistors
A transistor includes a first gate-controlled region having a first threshold voltage and a second gate-controlled region in parallel with the first gate-controlled region. The second gate-controlled region has a second threshold voltage different form the first threshold voltage.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Systems and methods for graphene based layer transfer
A graphene-based layer transfer (gblt) technique is disclosed. In this approach, a device layer including a iii-v semiconductor, si, ge, iii-n semiconductor, sic, sige, or ii-vi semiconductor is fabricated on a graphene layer, which in turn is disposed on a substrate. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Lubricant-impregnated surfaces for electrochemical applications, and devices and systems using the same
In certain embodiments, the invention relates to an electrochemical device having a liquid lubricant impregnated surface. At least a portion of the interior surface of the electrochemical device includes a portion that includes a plurality of solid features disposed therein. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Multiplexed detection with isotope-coded reporters
Some aspects of this invention provide reagents and methods for the sensitive, quantitative and simultaneous detection of target analytes in complex biological samples by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (lc ms/ms). Some aspects of this invention provide affinity reagents encoded with mass reporters for the sensitive and quantitative translation of an analyte of interest into a mass tag. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Chemical sensor for heavy metal detection
A chemical sensor for heavy metal detection is provided. The chemical sensor includes an inlet, a chamber in fluid communication with the inlet, and an outlet in fluid communication with the chamber. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Active woven materials
Active fabrics typically include a plurality of fibers. At least one of the fibers exhibits a change in length or width upon exposure to an external stimulus, such as heat, moisture, or light. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Active lattices
An active lattice capable of self-transforming responsive to a stimulus, such as heat or moisture, includes a plurality of links interconnected to each other at a plurality of nodes. At least a subset of links includes at least two materials that have different coefficients of expansion in response to an external stimulus. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Systems and methods of machine vision assisted additive fabrication
The present application relates generally to systems and methods for using machine vision to provide information on one or more aspects of an additive fabrication device, such as calibration parameters and/or an object formed by the device or in the process of being formed by the device. According to some aspects, a method is provided for calibrating an additive fabrication device. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Controllably degradable compositions and methods
Methods, compositions, kits, and drug delivery devices are provided for treating, adhering, or sealing biological tissues. The methods include combining a first solution that includes an oligomer/polymer component and a second solution that includes a dendrimer component, and at least one of the oligomer/polymer component and dendrimer component includes at least one substituent that is capable of photoreversible dimerization. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Integrated optical blocking filter for compact x-ray imaging detector
An x-ray imaging device can include an x-ray detector and an optical-blocking filter. The x-ray detector has an entrance-window surface for receiving x-rays, at least one side surface, and a back surface facing in an opposite direction from the entrance-window surface. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Systems and methods of preparing lithium sulfur electrode using sacrificial template
Embodiments described herein relate generally to lithium sulfur batteries and methods of producing the same. As described herein, preventing coarsening of sulfur during the well-known melt-diffusion processing of cathodes allows a high areal capacity of 10.7 mah/cm2 at current density of 3.4 ma/cm2 (c-rate of 1/5 h−1). ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Method to distinguish and analyze white blood cells in the presence of red blood cells
Method for distinguishing between red blood cells and white blood cells. The method includes obliquely illuminating the blood sample with light from at least two rotational angles and analyzing light side scattered from cells in the sample to provide accurate discrimination of white blood cell types based on the anisotropy of red blood cell side scatter as compared to more isotropic white blood cell side scatter.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Compositions comprising nucleic acids and methods of using the same
The disclosure relates to compositions comprising and methods for chemical modification of single guide rna (sgrna), tracrrna and/or crrna used individually or in combination with one another or cas system components. Compositions comprising modified ribonucleic acids have been designed with chemical modification for even higher efficiency as unmodified native strand of sgrna. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Dna microscopy
The present invention relates to dna microscopy methods to record the cellular co-localization and/or spatial distributions of arbitrary nucleic acid sequences, or other biomolecules tagged with nucleic sequences. The method involves sequence-components which may identify the targeted sequences-of-interest themselves and/or spatial beacons relative to which their distances are measured.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Thiolase variants and methods of use thereof
Described herein are thiolase variants, cells expressing the thiolase variants, and methods of their use for the biosynthesis of desired products.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Ligands for semiconductor nanocrysals
In this invention, polyimidazole ligands (pils) incorporating pendant imidazole moieties for nanocrystal binding and either sulfonatebetaine, carboxybetaine, or phosphocholinebetaine moieties for water-solubilization have been developed. Greatly enhanced stability of nanocrystals (both over time and in wide ph range) was achieved by incorporating multi-dentate imidazole moieties which provide strong coordination of the ligand to the nanocrystal surface and prevent aggregation of nanocrystals. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Nano-fibular nanoparticle polymer-drug conjugate for sustained dermal delivery of retinoids
Disclosed herein are conjugated polymers comprising a polymer and an all-trans retinoic acid (atra) prodrug covalently bound to the polymer by a hydrolysable linker l or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and methods of using same to treat certain disorders. In an embodiment, the conjugated polymer comprises poly (vinyl alcohol) covalently bound to atra through an ester linkage.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Lipid vesicle compositions and methods of use
The invention provides delivery systems comprised of stabilized multilamellar vesicles, as well as compositions, methods of synthesis, and methods of use thereof. The stabilized multilamellar vesicles comprise terminal-cysteine-bearing antigens or cysteine-modified antigens, at their surface and/or internally.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Porous materials containing compounds including pharmaceutically active species
Materials containing pharmaceutically active species in solid (e.g., crystal) form, and related methods, are provided, allowing for improved stability, solubility, bioavailability, and/or dissolution rates for pharmaceutically active species having poor aqueous solubility.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods and apparatus for true high dynamic range (thdr) time-delay-and-integrate (tdi) imaging
In time-delay-and-integrate (tdi) imaging, a charge-couple device (ccd) integrates and transfers charge across its columns. Unfortunately, the limited well depth of the ccd limits the dynamic range of the resulting image. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Systems and methods for distributed solution of optimization problems
A framework is presented for designing a class of distributed, asynchronous optimization algorithms realized as signal processing architectures utilizing various conservation principles. The architectures are specifically based on stationary conditions pertaining to primal and dual variables in a class of generally nonconvex optimization problems. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Waveguide formation using cmos fabrication techniques
Conventional approaches to integrating waveguides within standard electronic processes typically involve using a dielectric layer, such as polysilicon, single-crystalline silicon, or silicon nitride, within the in-foundry process or depositing and patterning a dielectric layer in the backend as a post-foundry process. In the present approach, the back-end of the silicon handle is etched away after in-foundry processing to expose voids or trenches defined using standard in-foundry processing (e.g., complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (cmos) processing). ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Liquid-impregnated surfaces, methods of making, and devices incorporating the same
The invention is directed to an article with a liquid-impregnated surface, the surface having a matrix of features thereupon, spaced sufficiently close to stably contain a liquid therebetween or therewithin, and preferable also a thin film thereupon. The surface provides the article with advantageous non-wetting properties. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Power amplifier operation
Systems and methods for improving power amplifier operation are provided. A system may include a baseband signal generator communicatively coupled to a baseband signal digital-to-analog converter. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Wireless power transfer
A method includes determining, by a base station including a number of transmitting coils, a first number of mutual magnetic parameters, each mutual magnetic parameter being associated with one of the transmitting coils and a receiving coil of at least one receiving coil associated with at least one electronic device remotely located from and to be remotely charged by the base station, determining a plurality of control signals based on the first number of mutual magnetic parameters, each control signal being associated with a corresponding one of the transmitting coils, providing each control signal to a driving circuit coupled to the control signal's corresponding transmitting coil, and using each control signal to cause the driving circuit coupled to the control signal's corresponding transmitting coil to cause a current with a magnitude and phase determined from the control signal to flow in the corresponding transmitting coil.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Determining soil state and controlling equipment based on captured images
Methods and systems for controlling earth moving equipment are described. In some embodiments, a stream of images may be captured using at least one imaging system. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Apparatus and methods for photonic integrated resonant accelerometers
The accelerometers disclosed herein provide excellent sensitivity, long-term stability, and low swap-c through a combination of photonic integrated circuit technology with standard micro-electromechanical systems (mems) technology. Examples of these accelerometers use optical transduction to improve the scale factor of traditional mems resonant accelerometers by accurately measuring the resonant frequencies of very small (e.g., about 1 μm) tethers attached to a large (e.g., about 1 mm) proof mass. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Sorption-based atmospheric water harvesting device
A water-harvesting system can operate with a material that can take up and release water with minimum energy requirements and powered by low-grade energy sources, such as sunlight, in order to potentially allow its deployment into households, especially those located in sunny regions. A water-harvesting method and system can include vapor adsorption using a porous metal-organic framework. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Targeting bcl11a enhancer functional regions for fetal hemoglobin reinduction
Provided herein are nucleic acid molecules that target the bcl11a enhancer functional regions, compositions comprising the nucleic acid molecules and methods for increasing fetal hemoglobin levels in a cell by disrupting bcl11a expression at the genomic level. Also provided herein are methods and compositions relating to the treatment of hemoglobinopathies by reinduction of fetal hemoglobin levels. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Adaptive material deposition for additive manufacturing
A closed-loop adaptive material deposition apparatus and method uses a scanning system to monitor an additively manufactured object as it is being fabricated and adapting the geometric shape and material composition of the subsequent layers based on the scan data. The scanning system repeatedly captures geometric and/or material information of a partially manufactured object with optional auxiliary objects inserted during the manufacturing process. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods and compositions for the treatment of open and closed wound spinal cord injuries
Devices and methods for the treatment of open and closed wound spinal cord injuries are disclosed. For example, described herein are devices and methods for mitigating secondary injury to, and promoting recovery of, spinal cord primary injuries. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods and apparatus for imaging and 3d shape reconstruction
An otoscope may project a temporal sequence of phase-shifted fringe patterns onto an eardrum, while a camera in the otoscope captures images. A computer may calculate a global component of these images. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Extruder feed system
Extruder feed system. The system includes a pair of spaced-apart, internally and oppositely threaded rotatable elements for receiving and engaging a plastic filament material. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods and apparatus for three-dimensional (3d) imaging
A method of imaging a scene includes estimating multiple three-dimensional (3d) representations, each of which corresponds to a respective portion of the scene. Neighboring portions of the scene area are at least partially overlapping. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Selective solar absorbers with tuned oxygen deficiency and methods of fabrication thereof
Systems and methods disclosed herein are directed towards the fabrication of a solar absorber comprising an ir reflector layer deposited on a substrate; a first cermet layer deposited in contact with the ir reflector layer; a second cermet layer deposited in contact with the first cermet layer; a first anti-reflection coating layer deposited in contact with the second cermet layer; a second anti-reflection coating layer deposited in contact with the first anti-reflection coating layer. A sputtering process may be used to deposit some or all of the layers, and the ysz layers in each cermet layer may be deposited with a tuned partial oxygen pressure in order to form a layer that is oxygen-deficient.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Unbiased identification of double-strand breaks and genomic rearrangement by genome-wide insert capture sequencing
The invention provides for systems, methods, compositions, and kits for the complete characterization of targeted nuclease specificity which necessitates techniques that can assess the full possibility space of off-target activity and genomic stability following genome editing. Also provided are the materials and techniques which enable the comprehensive genomic stability accompanying a range of cellular perturbations, including genome editing (zfn, talen, crispr, and future technologies) and disease modeling among other applications.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Gene expression in bacteroides
Provided herein, in some aspects, are tools (e.g., methods, compositions and nucleic acids) for building genetic circuits in bacteroides and parabacteroides bacteria, as well as the bacteria containing the genetic circuits.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Flexural digital material construction and transduction
Flexural digital materials are discrete parts that can be assembled into a lattice structure to produce an actuatable structure capable of coordinated reversible spatially-distributed deformation. The structure comprises a set of discrete flexural digital material units assembled according to a lattice geometry, with a majority of the discrete units being connected, or adapted to be connected, to at least two other units according to the geometry. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Articles and methods for modifying condensation on surfaces
The articles and methods described herein provide a way to manipulate condensation on a surface by micro/nano-engineering textures on the surface and filling the spaces between the texture features with an impregnating liquid that is stably held therebetween or therewithin. The articles and methods allow droplets of water, or other condensed phases, even in micrometer size range, to easily shed from the surface, thereby enhancing contact between a condensing species and the condensing surface. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Concentration control in filtration systems, and associated methods
Concentration control in filtration systems and associated methods are generally described. Streams originating from upstream filters and having similar concentrations of a target minor component and/or similar osmotic pressures can be mixed and subsequently filtered within additional filters. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Controllably degradable compositions and methods
Methods for treating, adhering, or sealing biological tissue are provided. The methods include combining solutions containing a polymer component and a dendrimer component capable of reacting with each other, and at least one of the components includes a substituent capable of photoreversible dimerization that can be reversibly dimerized. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Passive artificial knee
A passive artificial knee includes a knee hinge assembly defining a knee axis, a locking hinge assembly defining a locking axis, and a post linking the knee hinge assembly and the locking hinge assembly. A ground reaction force applied to the artificial knee posterior to the locking axis causes an interfering relation by compression of the locking hinge assembly and the knee hinge assembly during heel strike at early-stance gait phase of an individual wearing the artificial knee, thereby locking rotation of the post about the knee axis. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Systems, apparatus, and methods for hearing protection
Systems, apparatus, and methods for filtering acoustic energy include a first conduit substantially aligned with a longitudinal axis and defining a first opening for receiving incident acoustic energy from the environment. A cavity in fluid communication with the first conduit selectively amplifies and/or dampens the acoustic energy based on an associated resonance frequency. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Flame-retardant, non-toxic phosphate ester ionic liquid electrolytes and method of making
A phosphate ester compound can include a cation and an anion, the anion being an alkyl phosphate. The phosphate ester compound can be a phosphate ester ionic liquid. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Systems and methods for the synthesis of high thermoelectric performance doped-snte materials
A thermoelectric composition comprising tin (sn), tellurium (te) and at least one dopant that comprises a peak dimensionless figure of merit (zt) of 1.1 and a seebeck coefficient of at least 50 μv/k and a method of manufacturing the thermoelectric composition. A plurality of components are disposed in a ball-milling vessel, wherein the plurality of components comprise tin (sn), tellurium (te), and at least one dopant such as indium (in). ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Synthetic bacteriophages and bacteriophage compositions
Disclosed herein are novel synthetic bacteriophages and bacteriophage compositions, methods of production thereof, and therapeutic uses thereof.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Compressed pathways for nonribosomal molecular biosynthesis
Provided herein are synthetic pathways from escherichia coli and vibrio cholerae genes for the production of new, synthetic nonribosomal peptides, and methods and compositions comprising the same. Some aspects of the present disclosure are directed to modified bacterial cells comprising a compressed biosynthetic pathway that comprises (a) biosynthetic genes obtained from one species encoding enzymes active in the bioassembly of a nonribosomal molecule, (b) biosynthetic genes obtained from another species encoding enzymes active in the bioassembly of a nonribosomal molecule that is different from the nonribosomal molecule of (a). ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Dopamine d2 receptor ligands
The present invention relates to novel dopamine d2 receptor ligands. The invention further relates to functionally-biased dopamine d2 receptor ligands and the use of these compounds for treating or preventing central nervous system and systemic disorders associated with dysregulation of dopammode inergic activity. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods and apparatus for hygromorphic shape control
A composite film includes a substrate that is not responsive to relative humidity, and also one or more layers of hygromorphic material. The hygromorphic material expands in response to an increase in relative humidity and contracts in response to a decrease in relative humidity. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods and compositions for treating mental disorders and conditions
The invention, in some aspects, relates to methods to alter activity in cells and the use of such method to treat disorders and conditions. The methods involve, in part, expressing stimulus-activated opsin polypeptides in neurons involved in memory and behavior and activating the opsin polypeptides to modulate activity of cells in which they are expressed and/or cells to which the cells that express the opsin polypeptides project.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Modeling neural network dysfunction
The present invention relates to in vitro models of autism and methods of using the same to diagnose disorders associated with network dysfunction, e.g., autism schizophrenia, depression, obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders, bipolar disorder, or epilepsy, and to identify compounds for use in treating these conditions.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Engineered bacteria for production and release of therapeutics
Some embodiments described herein relate to cells which have been genetically engineered to release a polypeptide when a population of the cells reaches a desired density. In some embodiments, the released polypeptide may be a therapeutic polypeptide. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods and apparatus for additive manufacturing of glass
In illustrative implementations of this invention, a crucible kiln heats glass such that the glass becomes or remains molten. A nozzle extrudes the molten glass while one or more actuators actuate movements of the nozzle, a build platform or both. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Clutchless shifting of a manual transmission
An apparatus including a drive shaft, a transmission, and a motor shaft. The drive shaft includes a drive gear and is configured to transmit power to a wheel of a vehicle. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods and apparatus for additive manufacturing with molten glass
A nozzle deposits a filament of viscous, molten glass onto a print bed, while the print bed rotates about a vertical axis and translates in x, y, and z directions. The deposition is computer controlled, such that the resulting deposited filament forms a desired glass object that is solid after it anneals. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods for fabricating low cost 3-d printed parts with expanded material properties
A 3-d (three dimensional) printing system is provided that includes a customized matrix having suitable material properties and geometric patterning to facilitate filling and retention of one or more filler material. The customized matrix defines the geometry and shape of the object. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Distributed nanowire sensor for single photon imaging
An integrated, superconducting imaging sensor may be formed from a single, meandering nanowire. The sensor is capable of single-photon (or single-event) detection and imaging with ˜10 micron spatial resolution and sub-100-picosecond temporal resolution. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
System and technique for mitigation of clutter in radar
Described are a system and technique to mitigate the impacts of clutter in a radar system. The system and technique require only linear co-polarized measurements can be incorporated into the standard radar signal processing chain without slowing down radar performance.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Device and method for analysing and controlling cell motility
The invention is related to a device and method for analysing and controlling cell motility. In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, there if provided a microfluidic device for analyzing and controlling the motility of a cell, the device comprising: (a) a first inlet for introducing a cell sample; (b) an outlet for discharging the cell sample; (c) a microfluidic channel in fluid communication with and intermediate the first inlet and outlet; (d) a first pump coupled to the first inlet for pumping the cell sample in the microfluidic channel; and (d) an observation area within a portion of the microfluidic channel for analysing and controlling the motility of the cell, wherein the first pump generates a shear stress in the observation area, the shear stress generates a shearotactical signal for driving movement of the cell.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Ion concentration polarization-electrocoagulation hybrid water treatment system
Between two juxtaposed similar ion exchange membranes (aems or cems), an ion depletion zone and ion enrichment zone are generated under an electric field. As cations are selectively transferred through the cems, for example, anions are relocated in order to achieve electro-neutrality, resulting in the concentration drop (increase) in ion depletion (enrichment) zone. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Multimaterial 3d-printing with functional fiber
In a method for printing a three dimensional structure, a continuous length of fiber that includes, interior to a surface of the fiber, a plurality of different materials arranged as an in-fiber functional domain, with at least two electrical conductors disposed in the functional domain in electrical contact with at least one functional domain material, is dispensed through a single heated nozzle. After sections of the length of fiber are dispensed from the heated nozzle, the sections are fused together in an arrangement of a three dimensional structure. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Production of stable non-polyadenylated rnas
The invention relates in aspects to hybrid rnas lacking a poly-a tail and nucleic acid vectors for expressing the rna. The hybrid rnas in some instances have a stabilizing triple helical structure. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
High fidelity systems, apparatus, and methods for collecting noise exposure data
Systems, apparatus, and methods for collecting, interpreting, and utilizing noise exposure data may include sensors to obtain an analog signal representative of impulse noise sound pressure and an analog signal representative of continuous noise sound pressure. At least one adc may generate digital signals by sampling the analog signals at rates equal to or greater than twice the reciprocal of a minimum impulse noise rise time. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Apparatus, systems, and methods for biomedical imaging and stimulation
A multi-channel optical imaging and stimulation system includes a light source to deliver light beams into a light guide. Different light beams are coupled into different spatial modes supported by the light guide. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Wireless non-radiative energy transfer
Described herein are embodiments of a source high-q resonator, optionally coupled to an energy source, a second high-q resonator, optionally coupled to an energy drain that may be located a distance from the source resonator. A third high-q resonator, optionally coupled to an energy drain that may be located a distance from the source resonator. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Liquid biopsy detection of leukemia using closed-loop microfluidics
This invention describes a one-step technique for the simultaneous label-free detection and concentration of blast cells from a blood sample. Enrichment of blast cells is achieved using a closed loop microfluidics system, allowing continuous removal of waste and non-target cells to generate concentrated samples of high purity without the need for specific targeting of proteins by antibodies. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Systems, apparatus, and methods for spectral imaging
A spectral imaging system includes an autocorrelator to generate different autocorrelations when the moving reflector in the autocorrelator is at different positions so as to reconstruct spectral images. The system also includes a position measurement system to measure the actual positions of the moving reflector when autocorrelations are taken. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Nanoparticle-based shear-thickening materials
Compositions including an aqueous colloidal dispersion of a nanomaterial and methods for preparing and using the same are described. The nanomaterial includes, disposed on a surface of the nanomaterial, a first coupling agent including silane and a functional group including an amino acid, and a second coupling agent including silane and a polymer with a molecular weight between 1,000 and 20,000.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Biotemplated perovskite nanomaterials
A biotemplated nanomaterial can include a crystalline perovskite.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Nanoparticle conjugates and uses thereof
The targeted delivery of therapeutic agents to specific cells remains a challenge in drug delivery. Provided herein are nanoparticle-targeting agent conjugates that can be used for the targeted delivery of therapeutic agents to certain cells and target tissues. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods and apparatus for optical fiber imaging
An open-ended, incoherent bundle of optical fibers transmits light from a nearby scene. A camera captures images of the back end of the fiber bundle. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Dynamic flow system
System and methods for communicating across a network comprise: a database containing high level security rules for the network; computing devices communicating on the network; a security rule translation module; event sensors configured to monitor and detect one or more events occurring on or relating to the network, and in response thereto, provide to the security rule translation module an indication of occurrence for each of the one or more security events. The security rule translation module may associate the security rules with the security events corresponding to the received indication, and produce a low-level security rule based on data from the high-level security rule and the received indication of occurrence of the security events. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Highly-efficient near-field thermophotovoltaics using surface-polariton emitters and thin-film photovoltaic-cell absorbers
A near-field thermophotovoltaic system comprises a hot emitter and a cold absorbing photovoltaic cell separated by a small gap. The emitter emits hot photons and includes a polaritonic material that supports a surface-polaritonic mode. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Integrated resonant accelerometer using optical strain sensor
An accelerometer may comprise a proof mass, a first tether mechanically coupled to the side of the proof mass and to an anchor, and a ring resonator integrated with the tether to form a sensing tether. The ring resonator and the tether may be configured such that a strain sustained by the sensing tether causes a change of a resonance condition of the ring resonator. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Particle isolation/enrichment using continuous closed-loop micro-fluidics
The present invention encompasses a micro-fluidic system having a closed-loop configuration in which inertial micro-fluidic separation of particles and/or cells is continuously repeated by feeding part of the output back to the input so that the purity and/or concentration of the particles and/or cell is maximized. The invention also includes methods of using the micro-fluidic system.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Dynamic genome engineering
Provided herein, in some embodiments, are genomic editing constructs that can achieve nearly 100% recombination efficiency within a select population of bacterial cells.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Cell sorting
The invention provides for use of crispr-cas systems to sort barcoded cells or molecules. Cells or nucleic acid molecules may be sorted from a heterogenous population by targeting a barcode of interest specific for a cell or cell progeny or nucleic acid molecule of interest.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Metathesis catalysts and methods thereof
The present application provides, among other things, compounds and methods for metathesis reactions. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides methods for preparing alkenyl halide with regioselectivity and/or stereoselectivity. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Extremely compliant yet tough hydrogel systems as ultrasound transmission agents
A method for making a tough and compliant hydrogel. A precursor hydrogel is made of a first polymer selected to maintain high elasticity and a second polymer selected to dissipate mechanical energy. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Light-assisted photocatalyst regeneration and oxygen-resilient radical polymerization
A photocatalyst can be regenerated with increasing efficiency, turnover number and turnover frequency in the presence of air by irradiating the photocatalyst with a first range of wavelengths of light that excite the photocatalyst to an intermediate and irradiating the intermediate with a second range of wavelengths of light that turns the intermediate to the photocatalyst.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Bi-directional motion of a lorentz-force actuated needle-free injector (nfi)
The present invention relate to a method and corresponding apparatus for just in time mixing of a solid or powdered formulation and its subsequent delivery to a biological body. In some embodiments, a powdered formulation is maintained in a first chamber of a plurality of chambers. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Systems, apparatus, and methods related to modeling, monitoring, and/or managing metabolism
Systems, apparatus, and methods related to modeling, monitoring, and/or managing metabolism of a subject include measuring a respiratory quotient (rq) level in a subject and/or optimizing and executing a nonlinear feedback model to model energy substrate utilization in the subject based on at least one of a macronutrient composition and caloric value of food consumed by the subject, an intensity and duration of activity by the subject, a rate and maximum capacity of glycogen storage in the subject, a rate and maximum capacity of de novo lipogenesis in the subject, a quality and duration of sleep by the subject, and/or an rq level in the subject.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Scheduled light path switching in optical networks and automatic assessment of traffic impairments that would result from adding or deleting a channel in a wavelength-division multiplexed optical communication network
. . A single-wavelength light path is selected between a source access node and a destination access node of a wavelength-division multiplexed optical network, including selecting an illuminated wavelength of the light path and selecting a start time and duration for a data transfer that would not interfere with other data transfers. If no start time/wavelength combination is available with duration sufficient to transport the data, an additional wavelength is automatically selected, based on modeling, that would not impair traffic being carried by other wavelengths in the network, and without a time-consuming manual process of the prior art. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Multipolarized vector sensor array antenna system for search and rescue applications
The present disclosure is directed towards direction finding (df) systems that can detect and locals a radio frequency (rf) signal (e.g. An emergency beacon) is two dimensions (i.e., azimuth and elevation). ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Augmenting in situ nucleic acid sequencing of expanded biological samples with in vitro sequence information
The invention provides in situ nucleic acid sequencing to be conducted in biological specimens that have been physically expanded. The invention leverages the techniques for expansion microscopy (exm) to provide new methods for in situ sequencing of nucleic acids in a process referred to herein as “expansion sequencing” (exseq).. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Crispr/cas global regulator screening platform
Provided herein are methods for identifying genetic networks and methods of treating neurodegenerative disorders associated with α-synuclein dysfunction.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Microbial system for biosynthesis of natural and engineered products coupled to in situ extraction in supercritical co2
Provided herein are methods of producing a bioproduct by culturing a cell in a multiphase reactor that comprises supercritical co2, near critical co2, or liquid co2.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Engineered replacement of partial variant water soluble membrane proteins
The present invention is directed to water-soluble membrane proteins, methods for the preparation thereof and methods of use thereof.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Apparatus and method of determining an eye prescription
Eye prescriptions may be determined by providing a simple, easy to use, portable device with a specially configured targeting light source that aligns the eye, mitigates accommodation, and provides accurate results. Unlike stationary, closed view autorefractors, this device typically is portable, self-usable, relatively inexpensive, enabling more widespread use across the world.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Chemical and physical sensing with a reader and rfid tags
A method of detecting a stimulus can include detecting an output from a radio frequency identification tag including a sensor. A smartphone-based sensing strategy can use chemiresponsive nanomaterials integrated into the circuitry of commercial near field communication tags to achieve non-line-of-sight, portable, and inexpensive detection and discrimination of gas phase chemicals (e.g., ammonia, hydrogen peroxide, cyclohexanone, and water) at part-per-thousand and part-per-million concentrations.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods and apparatus for imaging using optical cavity
In illustrative implementations, an imaging system may comprise a lens, an optical cavity and a time-of-flight camera. The imaging system may capture an image of a scene. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Method for rna-guided endonuclease-based dna assembly
The invention provides a novel approach to facilitate assembly of dna molecules. This approach utilizes rna-guided endonucleases, capable of targeting any dna sequence, which cleave dna and generate dna fragments characterized by single stranded overhangs. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Reaction circuit design in microfluidic circuits
The microfluidic devices and systems disclosed herein reduce sample loss and help decrease sample processing bottlenecks for applications such as next generation sequencing (ngs). The microfluidic devices include a plurality of reaction modules. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Coupled split path power conversion architecture
. . Described herein are power conversion systems and related techniques which utilize a coupled split path (csp) circuit architecture. The csp structure combines switches, capacitors and magnetic elements in such a way that power is processed in multiple coupled split paths in a variety of voltage domains. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Cryogenic electronic packages and assemblies
A cryogenic electronic package includes a circuitized substrate, an interposer, a superconducting multichip module (smcm) and at least one superconducting semiconductor structure. The at least one superconducting semiconductor structure is disposed over and coupled to the smcm, and the interposer is disposed between the smcm and the substrate. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Cryogenic electronic packages and methods for fabricating cryogenic electronic packages
A cryogenic electronic package includes a first superconducting multi-chip module (smcm), a superconducting interposer, a second smcm and a superconducting semiconductor structure. The interposer is disposed over and coupled to the first smcm, the second smcm is disposed over and coupled to the interposer, and the superconducting semiconductor structure is disposed over and coupled to the second smcm. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Stable nanocrystalline ordering alloy systems and methods of identifying same
Provided in one embodiment is a method of identifying a stable phase of an ordering binary alloy system comprising a solute element and a solvent element, the method comprising: determining at least three thermodynamic parameters associated with grain boundary segregation, phase separation, and intermetallic compound formation of the ordering binary alloy system; and identifying the stable phase of the ordering binary alloy system based on the first thermodynamic parameter, the second thermodynamic parameter and the third thermodynamic parameter by comparing the first thermodynamic parameter, the second thermodynamic parameter and the third thermodynamic parameter with a predetermined set of respective thermodynamic parameters to identify the stable phase; wherein the stable phase is one of a stable nanocrystalline phase, a metastable nanocrystalline phase, and a non-nanocrystalline phase.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Devices for refractive field visualization
An apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention enables measurement and visualization of a refractive field such as a fluid. An embodiment device obtains video captured by a video camera with an imaging plane. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Variable thermal resistance
Electrical and electromechanical devices often require maintaining a specific temperature, or a narrow range or temperatures, during operation. An assembly regulates the temperature of a device by providing a variable thermal resistance between the device and a heatsink. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Method and apparatus for reducing sensor power dissipation
A sensor produces the sensor data for a sensor data consumer. A facility receives a sensor profile of the sensor indicating a relationship between a sensor parameter operating range and a deviation of the sensor data as a result of scaling one or more sensor parameters. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Bottlebrush copolymers and uses thereof
Materials (e.g., particles, hydrogels) that provide extended release of one or more therapeutic agents are useful platforms for drug delivery. In part, the present invention relates to new triblock (abc) bottlebrush copolymers which can be used in the formulation of particles and hydrogels for the extended release of therapeutic agents. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Segregation resistant perovskite oxides with surface modification
A method and a composition to stabilize the surface cation chemistry of the perovskite or related oxides, and thus, to minimize or completely avoid the detrimental segregation and phase separation of dopant cations at the surface can include modifying the surface with more oxidizable metal cations and/or more oxidizable metal oxides, thereby reducing the oxygen vacancy concentration at the very surface.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Systems and methods for dual-mode imaging using optical coherence tomography and fluorescence imaging
Systems and methods are provided to obtain optical coherence tomography data and fluorescence imaging data from an object. The systems and methods use a single light source to illuminate and excite fluorescence in the object and a common optical path including an optical fiber to provide illumination and excitation light and collect reflected and emitted light at the object. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Stacked patch antenna array with castellated substrate
Described is a printed circuit antenna array including at least one castellated substrate. Also described is a stacked patch antenna array having at least one castellated substrate.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
High-performance supercapacitors based on metal nanowire yarns
An energy-storage device is formed from a first and a second yarn, each yarn including a plurality of nanowires including aluminum and/or a transition metal. An anode pad is in contact with the first yarn and a cathode pad is in contact with the second yarn. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Controlled-orientation films and nanocomposites including nanotubes or other nanostructures
Generally, the present invention provides methods for the production of materials comprising a plurality of nanostructures such as nanotubes (e.g., carbon nanotubes) and related articles. The plurality of nanostructures may be provided such that their long axes are substantially aligned and, in some cases, continuous from end to end of the sample. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Use of chelators of divalent cations to promote nerve regeneration
Disclosed herein are methods to promote axonal outgrowth of a neuron comprising, contacting the neuron with an effective amount of a chelating agent, to thereby promote axonal outgrowth in the neuron. Also disclosed are methods of treating a subject for a cns lesion, comprising, administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a chelating agent, also disclosed are devices for promoting regeneration in a lesioned neuron, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a chelating agent formulated for localized administration directly to an injured neuron. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Systems including janus droplets
Embodiments described herein may be useful in the detection of analytes. The systems and methods may allow for a relatively simple and rapid way for detecting analytes such as chemical and/or biological analytes and may be useful in numerous applications including sensing, food manufacturing, medical diagnostics, performance materials, dynamic lenses, water monitoring, environmental monitoring, detection of proteins, detection of dna, among other applications. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Encoding of dna vector identity via iterative hybridization detection of a barcode transcript
Embodiments disclosed herein are directed to a new genetic perturbation and screening method that combines advantages of pooled perturbation with imaging assays for complex phenotypes. Specifically, the method may be used to screen pooled genomic perturbations to identify phenotypes and to identify perturbed genes at the single-cell level using optical barcodes. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Constructs for continuous monitoring of live cells
Embodiments disclosed herein provide nucleic acid constructs and methods of use thereof that induce a live cell to give off sub-samples of the cell's cytosolic content. The term “cell” as used herein may be any cell type. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Automatic process control of additive manufacturing device
Automatic process control of additive manufacturing. The system includes an additive manufacturing device for making an object and a local network computer controlling the device. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Systems, devices, and methods for microfluidics using modular blocks
The present disclosure is directed to the creation and/or manipulation of microfluidic systems and methods that can be formed in pre-existing modular blocks. Microfluidic paths can be formed in one or more blocks, and when multiple blocks are used, the blocks can be used together to form a path across the blocks. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Amphiphilic nanoparticles for delivery of crispr based therapy
Disclosed are copolymer micelles for simultaneous delivery of cas9 mrna and guide rna for cas9 crispr gene editing. Also disclosed are copolymer micelles for simultaneous delivery of a therapeutic or diagnostic nucleic acid and a cross-linking or alkylating anticancer agent.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods and compositions for treating alzheimer's disease and other memory-associated disorders and conditions
The invention, in part, relates to the use of optogenetic methods to increase dendritic spine density on dg memory engram cells in treatment methods for memory-impairment-associated diseases and conditions.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Cardiovascular assist system that quantifies heart function and faciltates heart recovery
The systems, devices, and methods presented herein use a heart pump to obtain measurements of cardiovascular function. The heart pumps described herein can operate in parallel with and unload the heart. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Method and apparatus for a porous electrospray emitter
An ionic liquid ion source can include a microfabricated body including a base and a tip. The body can be formed of a porous material compatible with at least one of an ionic liquid or room-temperature molten salt. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Near-to-eye and see-through holographic displays
A holographic display is comprised of space-multiplexed elemental modulators, each of which consists of a surface acoustic wave transducer atop an anisotropic waveguide. Each “line” of the overall display consists of a single anisotropic waveguide across the display's length with multiple surface acoustic wave transducers spaced along the waveguide length, although for larger displays, the waveguide may be divided into segments, each provided with separate illumination. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Electroactive polymer membrane-based active lens assemblies
Active lens assemblies based on a deformable lens adhered to an electroactive polymer (eap) membrane based actuator, active lens systems comprising such active lenses, and methods of actuating a deformable lens are described. The active lenses can provide controllable optical power, withstand constant periods of actuation, have low power consumption, have fewer mechanically moving parts, have fast response times and/or high portability. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Transcriptional sensor for bile acids in bacteroides thetaiotaomicron
The present disclosure relates, in some aspects, to bile acid sensors.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Apparatus and methods employing liquid-impregnated surfaces
In certain embodiments, the invention is directed to apparatus comprising a liquid-impregnated surface, said surface comprising an impregnating liquid and a matrix of solid features spaced sufficiently close to stably contain the impregnating liquid therebetween or therewithin, and methods thereof. In some embodiments, one or both of the following holds: (i) 0<φ≦0.25, where φ is a representative fraction of the projected surface area of the liquid-impregnated surface corresponding to non-submerged solid at equilibrium; and (ii) sow(a)<0, where sow(a) is spreading coefficient, defined as γwa−γwo−γoa, where γ is the interfacial tension between the two phases designated by subscripts w, a, and o, where w is water, a is air, and o is the impregnating liquid.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Systems and methods for using an attention buffer to improve resource allocation management
Systems and methods for assessing resource allocation are provided. In some exemplary embodiments, the system uses an attention buffer to classify glances by a person and/or automated system, the buffer determining the impact the glances have on the person and/or automated system's situation awareness level. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Massively parallel on-chip coalescence of microemulsions
Embodiments disclosed herein are directed to microfluidic devices that allow for scalable on-chip screening of combinatorial libraries and methods of use thereof. Droplets comprising individual molecular species to be screened are loaded onto the microfluidic device. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Core-shell particles for controlled release
Compositions, methods, and systems for controlling crystallization of an agent are generally described. In some embodiments, an agent is crystallized in the presence of polymer matrices, such as polymer particles. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods for identifying novel gene editing elements
Embodiments disclosed herein provide methods for identifying new crispr loci and effectors, as well as different crispr loci combinations found in various organisms. Class-ii crispr systems contain single-gene effectors that have been engineered for transformative biological discovery and biomedical applications. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Ethylene sensor
A sensor device can include a transition metal complex capable of interacting with a carbon-carbon multiple bond moiety. The sensor can detect the fruit-ripening hormone ethylene with high sensitivity.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Crispr-cas systems and methods for altering expression of gene products, structural information and inducible modular cas enzymes
The invention provides for systems, methods, and compositions for altering expression of target gene sequences and related gene products. Provided are structural information on the cas protein of the crispr-cas system, use of this information in generating modified components of the crispr complex, vectors and vector systems which encode one or more components or modified components of a crispr complex, as well as methods for the design and use of such vectors and components. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Solid phase peptide synthesis processes and associated systems
Systems and processes for performing solid phase peptide synthesis are generally described. Solid phase peptide synthesis is a known process in which amino acid residues are added to peptides that have been immobilized on a solid support. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Lithium hydrogen titanate li-h-ti-o material and method for making the same
A lithium hydrogen titanate li—h—ti—o material includes li, h, ti, and o elements, wherein a mass percentage of li is in a range from about 3% to about 12%, a mass percentage of h is in a range from about 0.1% to about 8%, a mass percentage of ti is in a range from about 46% to about 56%, and a mass percentage of o is in a range from about 28% to about 50%. A lithium ion battery and a method for making the lithium hydrogen titanate li—h—ti—o material are also disclosed.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods and devices for measuring object motion using camera images
A method and corresponding apparatus for measuring object motion using camera images may include measuring a global optical flow field of a scene. The scene may include target and reference objects captured in an image sequence. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Substrate containing latent vaporization reagents
Methods and reagents are disclosed for improved detection of inorganic oxidizers, such as but not limited to chlorates, perchlorates, permanganates, dichromates, and osmium tetraoxides. In one aspect of the invention, latent acid-generating reagents are employed that are chemically stable at room temperature but undergo an acidic transformation when exposed to an elevated temperature or radiation. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Solid phase peptide synthesis processes and associated systems
Systems and processes for performing solid phase peptide synthesis are generally described. Solid phase peptide synthesis is a known process in which amino acid residues are added to peptides that have been immobilized on a solid support. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Mechanochemical synthesis of iptycenes
Methods for mechanochemically synthesizing compositions comprising bridged bicyclic-based compounds such as iptycene-based compounds are generally provided. In some cases, two or more polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons may be mechanochemically reacted such that the product comprises the bridged bicyclic-based compound. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Systems, devices, and methods for inkjet-based three-dimensional printing
Devices and methods are described that provide printing of three-dimensional objects using reactive materials such as materials that result in a polyurethane formulation. Three-dimensional printing in accordance with the present disclosure can be performed using an inkjet printer or other systems that deposit or dispense material. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
High-capacity positive electrode active material
This disclosure provides a positive electrode active lithium-excess metal oxide with composition lixmyo2 (0.6≦y≦0.85 and 0≦x+y≦2) for a lithium secondary battery with a high reversible capacity that is insensitive with respect to cation-disorder. The material exhibits a high capacity without the requirement of overcharge during the first cycles.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Systems and methods for providing visual allocation management
Systems and methods for managing visual allocation are provided herein that use models to determine states based on visual data and, based thereon, output feedback based on the determined states. Visual data is initially obtained by a visual allocation management system. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
High-throughput drug and genetic assays for cellular transformation
A method for detecting oncogenic growth and viability, and/or degree of cellular transformation and/or identifying an agent that inhibits cellular transformation is disclosed. The method including: providing a cellular sample, such as a sample of cells obtained from a subject or a cell line; culturing the cellular sample in low attachment conditions; and detecting growth and7or cell viability of the sample, wherein increased growth relative and/or viability relative to a control or control level indicative of basal growth and/or viability indicates cellular transformation. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Medical devices and implements with liquid-impregnated surfaces
Described herein are medical devices and medical implements with high lubricity to flesh (or biological fluid) and/or inhibited nucleation on its surface. The device has a surface comprising an impregnating liquid and a plurality of micro-scale and/or nano-scale solid features spaced sufficiently close to stably contain the impregnating liquid therebetween. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Tissue collection needle
A tissue collection needle with a hollow interior provides two opposing tips with beveled edges on facets that drive tissue toward the hollow interior where the tissue can be gathered and severed from surrounding tissue as the needle advances through a biological specimen. The points and bevels are advantageously formed from a minimal number of cuts amenable to rapid fabrication from readily available hollow needle stock.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Dynamic display system and method for customizing a controller in a display system
A method, or corresponding dynamic display system, for customizing a controller of a display system includes presenting a visual stimulus to a subject at at least one known location relative to the subject's eye gaze; measuring brain activity of the subject's left and right brain hemispheres in response to the subject's viewing of the stimulus; processing the measured brain activity to determine a frequency-dependent metric of the measured brain activity; assessing independent cognitive capacities of the subject's left and right brain hemispheres based on the frequency-dependent metric; and adjusting a function of the controller in the display system according to the assessed independent capacities, such as by adjusting the function to change a stimulus load in a visual hemifield according to the brain activity in the contralateral brain hemisphere. Example applications include head-up display (hud), augmented reality (ar) or virtual reality (vr) display systems, and brain injury assessment systems.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Equalization of receiver
Methods and systems for equalization of a first receiver. A method may include receiving an input signal at the first receiver. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Foam radiator
A novel system and method for creating a lightweight antenna is disclosed. Each lightweight antenna is formed using a foam material. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Systems and methods for automatic customization of content filtering
Exemplary embodiments include a system and method for automatic customization of content filtering (accf). The method includes receiving a search string from a user, creating a first filter based on the search string and searching different types of content stored in different content locations based on the first filter. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Timely address space randomization
A method for timely address space randomize includes loading a code region from a program binary to a first location within the address space, detecting, during execution of the program, an output-input call pair from the program and, in response to detecting the output-input call pair from the program: selecting a second location within the address space to move the code region to, determining memory locations of one or more references to the code region, updating the values of the references in memory based on the second location and using annotation information within the program binary, and moving the code region to the second location within the address space.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Use and production of chd8+/- transgenic animals with behavioral phenotypes characteristic of autism spectrum disorder
The invention involves inducing a plurality e.g., 3-50 or more mutations (e.g., any whole number between 3 and 50 or more of mutations, with it noted that in some embodiments there can be up to 16 different rna(s), e.g., sgrnas each having its own a promoter, in a vector, such an aav vector or a lentiviral vector and that when each sgrna does not have its own promoter, there can be twice to thrice that amount of different rna(s), e.g., sgrnas, e.g., 32 or even 48 different guides delivered by one vector) in transgenic cas9 eukaryotes to model a neuronal disease or disorder. The invention comprehends testing putative treatments with such models, e.g., testing putative chemical compounds that may be pharmaceutically relevant for treatment or gene therapy that may be relevant for treatment, or combinations thereof. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Systems and methods for hyperspectral imaging
A method, and corresponding system, can include identifying a plurality of wavelength spectral band components in hyperspectral image data, the spectral band components corresponding to mutually distinct sources of image contrast. An intensity image corresponding to each respective spectral band component can be calculated, followed by combining the respective intensity images to form an inter-band image based on the respective, mutually distinct sources of image contrast for each spectral band component. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Semiconductor nanocrystals
A semiconductor nanocrystal include a first semiconductor material and have a luminescence quantum yield of at least 10%, at least 20%, or at least 30%. The nanocrystal can be substantially free of toxic elements. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Photodiode array structure for cross talk suppression
There is provided an avalanche photodiode array that includes a plurality of avalanche photodiodes. Each avalanche photodiode in the array includes a stack of active photodiode materials. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Joint acoustic and visual processing
An approach to joint acoustic and visual processing associates images with corresponding audio signals, for example, for the retrievals of images according to voice queries. A set of paired images and audio signals are processed without requiring transcription, segmentation, or annotation of either the images or the audio. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Thermally-drawn fiber including devices
There is provided herein a fiber including a fiber body with a fiber body material having a longitudinal axis along a fiber body length. A plurality of devices is disposed as a linear sequence of devices within the fiber body. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Lithium-air battery separators and related compositions
Battery separators for lithium-air batteries are provided. In some embodiments, a lithium-air battery may comprise one or more electrochemical cells including an anode, a cathode, an electrolyte, and a battery separator positioned between the anode and the cathode. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Deviation magnification: revealing departures from ideal geometries
Geometries of the structures and objects deviate from their idealized models, while not always visible to the naked eye. Embodiments of the present invention reveal and visualize such subtle geometric deviations, which can contain useful, surprising information. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Controlling dynamical systems with bounded probability of failure
A computer-based method controls a dynamical system in an uncertain environment within a bounded probability of failure. The dynamical system has a state space and a control space. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Block co-poly(metal organic nanostructures) (bcpmons) and uses thereof
The present disclosure provides (block co-polymer)-(metal organic framework) conjugates (bcpmofs), such as (block co-polymer)-(metal organic nanostructure) conjugates (bcpmons), and thermoplastic elastomers, gels, and compositions thereof. Exemplary bcpmons include (block co-polymer)-(metal organic cage) conjugates (bcpmocs), (block co-polymer)-(metal organic paddlewheel) conjugates, and (block co-polymer)-(metal organic square) conjugates, such as bcpmons of formula (a), (b), or (c). ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Systems and methods incorporating ionic liquids for electrochemically mediated capturing of lewis acid gases
The present invention generally relates to methods and systems for capturing a lewis acid gas (e.g., co2). In some embodiments, the methods and systems utilize an ionic liquid incorporated into one or more electrochemical cells.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Waveguide with dielectric light reflectors
An improved waveguide is disclosed. The waveguide comprises four or five layers, an inner core polymer, one or two layers of outer cladding polymer either on one side of the core of sandwiching the inner core polymer, and two layers of a dielectric reflector sandwiching the outer cladding polymer. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Phosphor-loaded waveguide
An improved waveguide is disclosed. The waveguide utilizes a luminescent material disposed within or around its perimeter to introduce additional light into the waveguide. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Analyzing characteristics of genomic regions of a genome
Embodiments of techniques for analyzing one or more genomic regions of a genome of an organism. Data about a genomic region may be analyzed to determine an information content of the genomic region, which may indicate an amount of information provided by the genomic region. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Receptor-targeted nanoparticles for enhanced transcytosis mediated drug delivery
Receptor-targeted nanoparticles (r-nps) are provided for selective transport into and through targeted tissues of therapeutic, prophylactic and diagnostic agents. R-nps can include polymeric particle, lipid particles, inorganic particles, or a combination thereof with a targeting moiety selective for binding to a receptor on the cells where the agent is to be delivered, where the receptor mediates transcytosis of the nanoparticle into and through the cells. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Artificial cell constructs for cellular manipulation
The present invention contemplates induction of immunological tolerance thereby providing permanent allograft acceptance. This method obviates the need for a lifelong regimen of immunosuppressive agents which can increase the risk of infection, autoimmunity, and cancer. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Rf attenuation measurement system and method
In part, disclosure relates to a monitoring system for monitoring rf attenuation of a material. In one embodiment, the system includes a plurality of transmitting antennas; an rf generator having a first output terminal in electrical communication with each of the plurality of transmitting antennas and a second output terminal; a plurality of receiving antennas, each of the receiving antennas having an output terminal, and a processor having a first input terminal in electrical communication with the second output terminal of the rf generator, having a second input terminal in electrical communication with the output terminal of each of the plurality of receiving antennas, and having a first output in electrical communication with a display. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Transparent photovoltaic cells
A transparent photovoltaic cell and method of making are disclosed. The photovoltaic cell may include a transparent substrate and a first active material overlying the substrate. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Fuel management system for variable ethanol octane enhancement of gasoline engines
Fuel management system for efficient operation of a spark ignition gasoline engine. Injectors inject an anti-knock agent such as ethanol directly into a cylinder of the engine. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Disruption and field enabled delivery of compounds and compositions into cells
A microfluidic system for causing perturbations in a cell membrane includes (a) a microfluidic channel defining a lumen and configured such that a cell suspended in a buffer can pass there through, and (b) source or emitter of an energy field. The microfluidic channel may include a cell-deforming constriction. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Optogenetic control of endothelial cells
The invention features methods for regulating vascular properties by controlling the membrane properties of endothelial cells using optogenetics and light. The invention features methods to transport therapeutics across the vascular barrier into tissues such as the brain and the lung, with high spatial and temporal precision, and for controlling vascular properties such as vascular tone, arterial diameter, and vascular growth.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Synthetic nanoparticles for delivery of immunomodulatory compounds
The present disclosure provides a synthetic nanoparticle comprising a peptide nucleic acid (pna) oligomer conjugated to a lipid, wherein the pna oligomer noncovalently complexes with an immunomodulatory compound, thereby forming a nanoparticle. The nanoparticles are useful to elicit immune responses and can be used to treat a broad range of cancers and infectious diseases.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Crosslinkable trehalose for the covalent incorporation in hydrogels and methods of use
Methods of controlled delivery of bioactive therapeutics are provided. Compositions comprising therapeutic implants are provided.. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Qubit and coupler circuit structures and coupling techniques
Quantum bit (qubit) circuits, coupler circuit structures and coupling techniques are described. Such circuits and techniques may be used to provide multi-qubit circuits suitable for use in multichip modules (mcms).. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Interconnect structures for assembly of semiconductor structures including superconducting integrated circuits
A multi-layer semiconductor structure includes a first semiconductor structure and a second semiconductor structure, with at least one of the first and second semiconductor structures provided as a superconducting semiconductor structure. The multi-layer semiconductor structure also includes one or more interconnect structures. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Systems and methods evaluating password complexity and strength
A password evaluation engine used to evaluate a user's password that redefines the concepts of password complexity and password strength is discussed. Password complexity may be calculated by the evaluation engine so as to take into account the amount of knowledge possessed by a potential attacker, seeking to crack the password, of the rules corresponding to a rule set used for generating the password. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Systems and methods related to optical nanosensors comprising photoluminescent nanostructures
Systems and methods related to optical nanosensors comprising photoluminescent nanostructures are generally described.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Directional force sensing element and system
A directional force sensor and sensing system are described. The directional force sensor includes a leaf spring and one or more load sensors disposed about the leaf spring such that in response to a force applied to the leaf spring, the one or more load sensors provide a signal. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Ground-based system for geolocation of perpetrators of aircraft laser strikes
Laser light source geolocation. The system includes two spaced-apart ground based sensors for receiving light from a laser source that has been off-axis scattered by air molecules and particulates to form scattered light imagery. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods and apparatus for shape control
In exemplary implementations of this invention, a shape controller controls the shape of a bladder as the bladder inflates. The shape controller includes a first set of regions and a second set of regions. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Delivery, use and therapeutic applications of the crispr-cas systems and compositions for modeling competition fo multiple cancer mutations in vivo
The invention involves inducing 3-50 or more mutations (e.g., any whole number between 3 and 50 of mutations, with it noted that in some embodiments there can be up to 16 different rna(s), e.g., sgrnas each having its own a promoter, in a vector, such as aav, and that when each sgrna does not have its own promoter, there can be twice to thrice that amount of different rna(s), e.g., sgrnas, e.g., 32 or even 48 different guides delivered by one vector) in transgenic cas9 eukaryotes to model genetic disease, e.g. Cancer. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Hydrogel comprising a scaffold macromer crosslinked with a peptide and a recognition motif
Methods of forming, dissolving, and functionalizing an extracellular matrix gel on demand based on cross-linking, modification, and dissolution of hydrogels using transpeptidase (e.g. Sortase) are disclosed. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Influenza treatment and/or characterization, human-adapted ha polypeptides; vaccines
The present invention provides, among other things, methods, reagents, and systems for the treatment, detection, analysis, and/or characterization of influenza infections.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Discrete assemblers utilizing conventional motion systems
An alternative to additive manufacturing is disclosed, introducing an end-to-end workflow in which discrete building blocks are reversibly joined to produce assemblies called digital materials. Described is the design of the bulk-material building blocks and the devices that are assembled from them. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods for the vapor phase deposition of polymer thin films
Disclosed are methods for forming thin polymeric films on a surface of an article by deposition from the vapor phase. In certain embodiments, the method comprises depositing the polymeric film in situ inside a space or enclosure contained within the article. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Nanoparticle conjugates of highly potent toxins and intraperitoneal administration of nanoparticles for treating or imaging cancer
Disclosed are methods of treating cancer of the intraperitoneal cavity using compositions comprising nanoparticles without targeting agents. In addition, nanoparticles are described that comprise a highly toxic anticancer agent (e.g., an anticancer agent having an ic50 less than 1 nm) covalently bound via a linker to a triblock copolymer. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Imaging system for immersive surveillance
Security guards at big facilities, such as airports, monitor multiple screens that display images from individual surveillance cameras dispersed throughout the facility. If a guard zooms with a particular camera, he will lose image resolution, along with perspective on the surrounding area. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Spray-coating method with particle alignment control
A simple spray coating process can be utilized to create epoxy/hnt nanocomposites with vertically aligned nanotubes. Important mechanical properties such as modulus and hardness values can be optimized and enhanced by controlling the level of nanotube dispersion during processing and the final orientation of the nanotubes. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods and apparatus for actuated fabricator
In exemplary implementations of this invention, an actuated fabricator deposits structural elements (e.g., tensile structural elements) in a 3d pattern over large displacements. The fabricator is supported by at least three elongated support members. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Method and process for quantitative evaluation of pharmacokinetics, therapeutic effects and safety of delivery of drug compounds to the inner ear for treatment of auditory disease
The present disclosure provides compositions and methods for treating an auditory disease in a subject in need thereof comprising administering an effective amount of a gel-based precursor that includes an inner ear-specific therapeutic compound directly into the cochlea of the subject.. . ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
Methods and systems for pre-symptomatic detection of exposure to an agent
Systems and methods for predicting exposure to an agent. One or more features are extracted from physiological data. ... Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
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